Shark Question/s... sel., health, fdg., sys.   11/14/06
Hey Bob,
       I am located in Toronto, Canada and was browsing your website and was fascinated by all the useful information I found. For the past 1 and a half months I have been doing a lot of research on the Brown Banded Bamboo sharks. I have read and gone threw
<through>
multiple websites, joined multiple forums, and bought many books including Scott Michaels " Aquarium Sharks and Rays" which was very informative. I will be purchasing a 250-300 gallon aquarium soon which will be the home for 2 Brown Banded Bamboo sharks. It will be a flat back hexagon shape with the dimensions 84x24x10x64 with a 30" height. Do these dimensions sound good for Brown Banded Bamboo sharks?
<For a short while, for small specimens>
For feeding would you recommend live food?
<No... fresh/or defrosted meaty foods>
Or frozen food. Most people I have talked to recommended frozen would, on a feeding stick to ensure I give both an equal share.
But some say its easier to get them acclimated with live food?
<Unnecessary>
Is this correct or no? As well when I first introduce them into the aquarium how do I go about acclimating them?
<See WWM re... marine fishes period>
When I purchase them they will either be in eggs still or newly hatched. Should I leave them in the bags and place those bags in the aquarium like most fish are acclimated. Or should I place them in bucket with the same water as in the aquarium and then half of the water from the bag they came in?
<This latter>
Please let me know as I want to offer these sharks the best living conditions I possible can, and want to make the transition from the store to my aquarium as stress free as possible. I look forward to hearing from you.
Thanks,
             Brenden Hewko
<Will need more room in time. Bob Fenner>

Active Sharks for a 1250? – 10/25/06
Greetings WWM crew.
<<Hello James>>
I'm having a custom made shark tank built for a client.  The tank will be oval, 8' long, 6' wide, and 3.5' high.
<<Neat!>>
My client wants an active swimming shark, so bamboos are out.
<<Mmm, but therein lies the problem.  “Active” sharks require much more space/care than this tank can provide; not for a mature animal...and your client shouldn’t consider keeping anything that can’t be cared for long-term >>
I've been looking into spiny dogfish, smooth-hounds, and as of tonight Bonnetheads, but I have a few questions that I haven't been able to find answers to yet.
<<Temperate to sub-tropical sharks, will probably require a chilled system...and even the smallest will likely grow to about 4-feet>>
Firstly, which shark do you think would have the best long-term success in this tank, and what numbers (single, pair, three)?
<<Um, not what you want to hear but...two, maybe three Bamboo or Coral Catsharks>>
Lighting - I was thinking of three 150 watt metal halide pendants.  Do you think they would be a good choice, or too bright?
<<Should be fine if they can be raised as bit (will provide nice “glimmer lines”) and rockscaping is such the sharks can reach/rest in shadow if they wish>>
On a setup like this, are a UV sterilizer and ozonizer necessary components, or a waste?
<<Both can be of benefit if sized/utilized properly>>
Water flow - Being an oval tank, should I try to create a circular current, or would sharks prefer a more reef like/random water flow?
<<I think a “circular” current would work well...especially if it can be periodically reduced/reversed (six-hour durations)>>
I was planning on using either 3600 or 2500 GPH pumps to create two closed-loop systems, and I can run them through a wave maker if needed.
<<Sounds good...do have a look at “eductors” ( http://www.aquaticeco.com/index.cfm/fuseaction/listings.categories/ssid/460) for multiplying/spreading flow>>
The tank will be filtered with a very large wet/dry filter and protein skimmer.
<<Might I suggest a large fluidized-bed filter in place of/in addition too the wet/dry as these are able to react very quickly to shifting bio-loads associated with these big, messy feeders>>
Lastly, (for now) I've read on here several times about adding vitamins to their food, and have followed links you've given to where the answers are supposed to be, but I have yet to be able to find what kind of vitamins they should be given, or the amount.
<<Mazuri ™ Shark and Ray tabs (http:// www.mazuri.com/Home.asp?Products=2&Opening=2) >>
Thanks in advance for your help.
<<Happy to assist.  Eric Russell>>
Regards,
James Foley
Thunder Bay Aquascapes
www.tbaquascapes.com

Re: Active Sharks for a 1250? – 10/30/06
Thanks for the reply Eric.
<<Quite welcome James>>
I realize bamboos are the best bet, but these (spiny dogfish, smooth-hound, and Bonnethead) are about the best compromise I can come up with (unless you know of a <3' active shark?) to prevent a Blacktip reef shark from going into the tank.  Other stores in town would gladly bring in a Blacktip just for the profit.
<<Then educate your client otherwise.  As important as size is in this 8’ x 6’ oval display, the fact your client wants an “active” shark compounds the problem.  Active sharks require MUCH more room than bottom-dwelling or “sedentary” sharks of the same size.  I just don’t feel this tank is large enough to house an “active” species, and that doing so will only result in a greatly foreshortened lifespan>>
I'm hoping the shape and water flow will enable the shark to keep a fairly normal swimming routine (would a stronger current help with this?).
<<The oval shape is definitely a bonus, and water flow should be about 2x the tank volume or so>>
I did read on your site about a 15' cylinder tank with strong flow that had a Blacktip I believe, that allowed it to swim fairly comfortably.
<<Mmm, but the diameter of the cylinder is nearly twice the length of the long-side on your system...big difference>>
It was also mentioned on here that Bonnetheads often max out at around 3' in an aquarium, which will hopefully be the case.  I intend to try to get in a male to keep it even smaller.
<<Though this species may well be the best choice of the three mentioned, the issue here is the “activeness” of the shark in this system.  Even at three-feet, an active species is going to prove “too big” I think>>
I've taken a look at the eductors, and will probably try them out.  I'll also look into a fluidized filter.  Any recommendations on manufacturers for them?
<<Hmm...finding one “large enough” may prove difficult.  Look at the Pentair Rainbow Lifegard FB-900.  The design of this filter should allow several to be easily plumbed in tandem to create a filter large enough to support the system>>
Another question I have is regarding substrate.  I prefer deep sand beds for my reef aquariums, but am unsure of which way to go on a shark tank.  Deep or shallow?
<<Many sharks are diggers, a shallow substrate of crushed coral (1mm-3mm) may be better than a DSB in the display.  Perhaps you can locate a DSB of sugar-fine aragonite in a separate vessel plumbed to the system?>>
Regards,
James Foley
Thunder Bay Aquascapes
www.tbaquascapes.com
<<Cheers, Eric Russell>>

Black tip Reef Shark 10/16/06
Hi. How long could I keep a Black tip Reef Shark in a 265 gallon aquarium that measures 7ft L x 2ft W x 2ft H? Thanks
<For the 4 to 6 week quarantine period, and that’s about it.>
<Chris>

Shark Purchase 10/12/06
Thanks for such a quick reply! Do you know where I could purchase one of these elasmobranchs.
Thanks,
Chad
<Most likely need to be special ordered from LFS as they are fairly rare in the trade.  I encourage you to also think twice about keeping these creatures unless you are very experienced with marine fish.>
<Chris>

Suitable Shark(s) for the Home Aquarium? 10/10/2006
Hello again. I have been doing research on the Speckled Epaulette and the Freycinet's Epaulette Sharks and have found that they reach a maximum length slightly smaller than the other choices of sharks that I have questioned (besides the catsharks). What size tank would you recommend for these shark species and where could I buy them (if the right specimen for a tank of this capacity)?
Many thanks,
<Chad, I have no direct experience in this realm, but have a very high regard for Mr. Scott W. Michael - do see here for more information: http://www.reeftectonics.com/shark_keeping.htm
Chad
<Jorie>

Suitable Shark(s) for the Home Aquarium? Follow-up - 10/10/06
I have purchased Scott W. Michael's book on Aquarium: Sharks and Rays and have found it quite informative. That is where I receive all of my knowledge on sharks , and also , I have found that this website is just as informative as the book! My question is what size aquarium could I comfortably contain one of the mentioned sharks.
Thanks,
Chad
<Most reputable info. says *at least* 250 gal.  Please also see here for more info: http://www.wetwebmedia.com/sharkslvgrm.htm
Jorie>

Shark Tank...How Many?  How Big? – 10/09/06
Eric,
<<Chad>>
What shark species could I keep in a 265 gallon tank?  Possibly a few Cat Shark species?
<<Mmm, not a “few” but possibly a single specimen of one of the smaller species...and then probably not long-term. Atelomycterus marmoratus, the Coral Cat Shark is likely your best option here (a true tropical species), obtain as a juvenile or better yet as a developing egg case>>
And also, what size tank could I keep an adult Brownbanded Bamboo Shark or an adult Epaulette Shark?
<<Hmm...ideally, one in which the smallest dimension (length/width) is at least three-times the adult length of the shark>>
Thanks,
Chad
<<Regards, EricR>>

Re: SHARK QUESTIONS!! Sys., Heterodontids   10/2/06
Ah yes. Thanks! I have another question though!! I have a powerhead on this system to add a little movement. Should i remove it?
<Possibly>
Also I have a titanium ground probe to remove stray voltage from my aquarium but before I added it on i tried it on a tank with no fish (the tank am cycling) and when i touched the water it sort or gave me a little feeling of electricity!!
<What? I would have this water/system tested... Make sure all electrified gear goes through a GFCI. http://www.wetwebmedia.com/gfcimarines.htm>
Is that supposed to happen or am i not supposed to be able to feel it?
<Assuredly not... Deadly dangerous>
I removed it immediately and havent used it since then!! would this harm my shark or help it?
<Harm>
i don't want to add any voltage or electricity to my water for good reason and concern of my beautiful prized shark!! Also I have a friend who is interested in a Port Jackson! He has a very large tank and can house it!! What information or tips can you give me so I can correctly advise him? Thanks again!!
<Please read here: http://www.wetwebmedia.com/portjacksons.htm
and the linked files above. Bob Fenner>

Info about the Atlantic Sharpnose Shark   9/19/06
  The Atlantic Sharpnose Shark (Rhizoprionodon terraenovae) is my dream shark that I would like to keep - if I ever had to money & space to do so).
<Here on fishbase: http://fishbase.sinica.edu.tw/Summary/speciesSummary.php?ID=905&genusname=Rhizoprionodon&speciesname=terraenovae>
  The Atlantic Sharpnose is a small coastal requiem shark, that is native year round) to the southeastern (From the Carolinas to Florida) & entire gulf coast of the U.S. And has been found in New England waters during the summer months.
  It also grows to between 3-4 ft. And is a highly active species.
  I've also heard that it adapts fairly well to captivity (similar to a Blacktip reef) at least according to the people I talked emailed) who have kept both sharks. They also say that it's about as hardy as a Blacktip reef. A few keepers - even go as far as to say that it's a better alternative to the Blacktip reef - due to it's smaller adult size.    
  Any thoughts?
   <Is better than C. melanopterus... though still has about the same space, environmental needs>
  While I done some research on this shark - I still have a few questions.   
  Due to it home range I would tend to classify it as a warm water shark. Because I know from personal experience that this shark appears to very common off the NC & SC coasts) From early May - mid September when the water temps are between 75-84F.
  So do you think that it fair to call it a warm water shark, or that just wishful thinking on my part?
   <I'd say tropical to sub-tropical... can live in warm water for sure>
  The confusing part sort of), comes from when I was talking to an online dealer who cares sharks) -just to inquire (no actual plans to buy) about this shark. I emailed him, because I wanted to get a feel of this guy as I was considering buying other more "aquarium friendly" sharks - like catsharks, bamboos or horns.   
  Here's a few things that he told me about the sharpnose.
  - They required water temps of less than 76F.
<Interesting. The water is assuredly warmer in this fish's distribution range... though lower captive temperature is advised certainly... to allow for enhanced gas solubility, depressed metabolism>
  - They are only as hardy as bonnetheads.
<Agreed>
  - That they require a pool at least 16ft in diameter(4500-6000 gallons) - which I consider a good idea.
<Me too>
  - They should be watched daily - since they don't adapt to captivity well.
  <Okay>
  Also I got the feeling he was down playing the sharpnose, because he wanted to sale me a couple of smooth hounds.
   <Mmm, doubtful... The industry is made up (as is the larger human population) of makers, takers and fakers... these last two categories are not folks who last long... I suspect this dealer is "the real thing"... a maker. As am I>
  Saying things like talking about the smooth hounds) -
  -they are warm water sharks,
  -require smaller tanks,
  -and get to be about the same size,
  -and a hardier shark.   
  What's your thoughts on this.
<They are, I agree. Bob Fenner>

More on Sharks - 09/14/06
Hello Eric!
<<Hi Chad!>>
Chad again asking a few questions for a friend (doesn't have internet).
<<Uh-huh  (just kidding matey <grin>)>>
His name is Nathan, I just recently got him interested in keeping one of the many beautiful Elasmobranchs.
<<Indeed>>
I showed him pictures of the Brownbanded Bamboo, Epaulette, Cat sharks, etc.  But he saw a picture of a Bonnethead and a Blacktip Reef Shark.
<<Uh-oh...(sigh)>>
He wanted me to ask you guys if he could keep a Bonnethead or a Blacktip Reef Shark in a 1000 - 1500 gallon system who's dimensions are 12ft L x 4ft W x 3ft H?
<<Mmm, no...These are heavier, more active and much larger sharks...the Bonnethead grows to more than 5', and the Blacktip to more than 7'...would need a tank more than twice this size for either, in my opinion>>
I told him that he probably couldn't keep them in there for more than about 8 - 12 months or so, but he wanted to know exactly how long and he wanted to hear that from experts, so I asked you guys.
<<Well...I'm hardly an expert, but I have been around the block (or maybe around the bend!).  I don't recommend keeping these sharks at all unless they are "started" in a system suitable to hold them at maturity.  Often the "bigger tank down the line" never materializes...and rarely if ever can you just "bag up" the shark and take it to your local public aquarium or zoo, due either to local protocol or just the fact that they can't handle/don't have the facilities for the addition.  There's also the matter of developmental retardation from keeping and “growing” an animal under improper conditions and/or in "too small" an environment.  I can't point you to any studies, but my colleagues and I deal with this on a daily basis.  Mostly in the form of health and behavior issues associated with folks keeping "Tangs" in too small/crowded systems..."but only until they get too big for the tank" or "only until they can get a bigger tank"...get the picture?  Few hobbyists have the money/time/capacity for keeping these magnificent creatures...maybe you (and your friend) are the exception, just be sure to match the species to the environment...and vise versa>>
Thanks for your help,
Chad
<<Happy to share my opinions.  Eric Russell>>

Which Shark(s) for a 1,200 Gallon System? - 09/08/06
Hello!
<<Hey Chad!>>
My name is Chad and I find your website ABSOLUTELY AMAZING!!!
<<Many thanks>>
I just recently purchased Scott W. Michael's book on "Aquarium Sharks and Rays" and it is great!
<<Indeed>>
I was wondering what kind of shark I could keep in a 1,200 gallon aquarium with rounded corners?
<<Well Chad, admittedly sharks are not my forte, but even at 1,200 gallons you're still best off keeping the smaller sharks commonly known as "Cat" sharks and "Bamboo" sharks.  A trio would make an interesting display here I think>>
I will look forward to talking to you guys in the future.
Thank you very much,
Chad
<<Be chatting,  EricR>>

Re: Which Shark(s) for a 1,200 Gallon System? - 09/10/06
Thank you for the quick reply!
<<Quite welcome>>
I have read Scott's book up to "A Catalog of Sharks and Rays" so far and it says that I could house a Brown Smooth-hound Shark comfortably in a 1,200 gallon.
<<Mmm, possibly yes.  Attains a maximum length of about 45" which "might" be fine depending on the dimensions of your system, but I also believe this is a "cool water" species.  Are you prepared to provide water cooling for such a large system?>>
I am not trying to argue with you (please don't think that!)
<<No worries mate...we encourage hobbyists to research/think on their own>>
but the ONLY reason I do not want to keep a Cat, Bamboo, or Epaulette shark is the fact that they lay or "walk" on the substrate all day and I love to see them swimming around.
<<I see>>
I wish I didn't think so but I just cannot help it.  But, if I did get a Brown-banded Bamboo Shark, could I turn the light off during the day and turn the light on at night so I could watch them swim around, or would that be a bad thing to do?
<<Not "bad" at all.  It is quite OK to set the lighting schedule to suit you/your schedule.  Just be sure to put the lights on timers so a regular routine is established>>
P.S. A trio would be awesome!!!
Thank you Eric,
Chad
<<Quite welcome my friend.  Eric Russell>>

Re: Which Shark(s) for a 1,200 Gallon System?   9/11/06
Just so you know, the dimensions of the tank are going to be 12ft L x 4ft W x 2.5ft H.  I would be prepared to provide the proper needs for any shark that I get!!!
<<Ah good...I think a few Cat, Bamboo, or Epaulette sharks would all be fine inhabitants...or a single Brown Smooth-hound if you decide.  EricR>>
Thank you,
Chad

Re: Which Shark(s) for a 1,200 Gallon System? - 09/12/06
Just one final question. How much does a Brown-banded Bamboo Shark swim around at night?  Just as much as an active shark would during the day maybe?
<<Hmm, don't rightly know...would think much of their "hunting" would be done at night.  Take a look here (http://whozoo.org/Anlife2001/callmatt/CMM_Bandedcatshark2_JES.html) for some more info on these sharks>>
Hope I didn't take up too much of your time, I know you’re busy with all of the questions that you guys....and girls receive!
<<Mmm, and even more so when the ‘Bobster’ is away.  But no worries my friend...is what we do>>
Thank you very, very much,
Chad
<<You're very much welcome.  EricR>>

Sharks, sel.   9/2/06
Hello crew! This is Chad Howell again. I was writing to say I'm sorry about the last time we talked , I don't think we got off on the right foot, SORRY!!!!!! Anyway , I am planning on getting a 280-300 gallon saltwater aquarium. I am extremely fascinated by sharks and was planning on getting one , but I'm not exactly sure what kind of shark to get.
<Then keep investigating>
I was thinking maybe a Great White.....NOT REALLY!!!! Thought I would try to be funny.
ANYWAY , I'm seriously thinking about a Brownbanded Bamboo Shark or a Hooded Epaulette Shark. Would these sharks be able to live there entire lives in this tank?
<Depends... on the shape of the tank of this gallonage...>
Would you recommend me put a pair of whatever shark I choose in the tank so they can mate?
<Is this what you intend?>
P.S. Sorry so many questions! Hope I didn't take up too much of your time!!
P.S.S. Hope we can become friends!
Thanks ,
Chad Howell
<Ignorance is acceptable, rudeness not... If you would like our help, respect yourself, our services. Bob Fenner>

Re: shark sel  - 09/03/06
No , I didn't mean that I was going to make them mate, I was just asking if that is what they recommend.
<"If" you intend to try them... can be placed as separate sexes...>
The shape of this tank is probably going to be rectangular but I have heard that they like circular or oval shaped best.
Is this true?
Chad Howell
<Yes. BobF>

Bonnethead sharks... sys., sel.,   8/11/06
Hi there I just found out about the bonnetheads and so far they seem okay as pets (size) but I need some more info on them. First of all what is the minimum size for their tank?
<About three times their adult length, twice in width...>
Also, what is an average price for them?
<A few hundred dollars>
And last of all where could I get them for <Please read here: http://www.wetwebmedia.com/sharkselfaqs.htm
and the linked files above. Bob Fenner>

Leopard Shark, "Professionals", Morality - 06/14/2006
Hello, I visit your site from time to time but have never posted.  At the moment I am in Las Vegas for a business trip and noticed that there was a Leopard shark swimming around in the big tropical tank behind the check in desk at the Mirage hotel.  
<Arrrrrgh....>
There were a bunch of tangs, puffers, the usual tropical home aquarium fish.  My question is, why would they have a cold water specimen in warmer waters if the care takers are suppose to be pro's at this?  
<A very, very good question, my friend....  and one to which I have no happy answer.> <<I do... Just as you get "fair odds" in gambling there, this Triakis is getting "fair odds" at living a long, healthy life. Id est, none. RMF>>
Is it possible for the shark to be fine and not have a problem living like this
<Not long-term.>
or will it die because of the conditions?  
<Ultimately, yes.  This animal, like all too many others, should be left to the oceans and large public aquaria that can properly house them.>
Thanks,  -Mike
<Wishing you well,  -Sabrina>

To Shark or not to shark?  5/11/06
Howdy Crew!
<What’s up Jeff?>
Was wondering what species to keep in a 220 gallon tank.
<Of shark I would personally keep none…just because my personal belief is that shark quarters should be pond size or they should be left in the ocean, however there are a few which people commonly keep in tanks of this size.>
If I did a shark, I would like it to be a brown banded bamboo shark.
<Potential size of this animal is 40”+ so beware of that….may/will outgrow quarters.>
And I would just have that one shark with possibly one ray (my LFS suggested I put a shark with a ray for the 220 gal.)
<No tank is too small.>
But I also like other fish such as triggers,
<Not good to mix with sharks, will/can pick on sharks.>
tangs, groupers, etc.
<This is okay…but a heavy bio-load…messy, messy, messy.>
I know it to be wise not to keep fish with sharks.
<Well benthic sharks like the bamboo are actually not much of a threat to larger healthy fish, they couldn’t catch them if they wanted too.>
So it's either one or the other: shark tank or fish only tank with the fish only tank hosting a Clown Trigger, Picasso Trigger, Blonde Naso Tang, Brown Powder Tang, Stars and stripes puffer, ghost ribbon eel.
<I would say go for the fish only for the best long-term display but pick one trigger or the other and drop the ribbon eel from the list completely…these are to be left in the ocean….trust me it WILL perish in captivity, especially with the aggressive tank-mates you have mentioned.>
Of course not all of them but the choices I would like to have. Anyway, what would be the best tank to have, shark/ray tank or fish only tank?
<The fish only my friend, without a doubt.>
Thanks
<Sure.>
Jeff
<Adam Jackson.>

Looking for a N.E. Atlantic dogfish   - 03/26/2006
Bob,
<Craig>
I am struggling to obtain a lesser spotted dogfish for my native marine
aquarium. any help you could provide would be greatly appreciated.
<Is sold in the trade occasionally... in Western Europe... see fishbase.org: http://fishbase.org/Summary/speciesSummary.php?ID=845&genusname=Scyliorhinus&speciesname=canicula
re distribution. Have not seen sold in the U.S.... I see from your email address suffix that you are from the U.K.; you should try the larger stockists about or try contacting Tropical Marine Centre re>
I have 4 weeks to do so, because my 3rd year dissertation is 'olfactory
behaviour of Scyliorhinus canicula'
thanks
Craig
<Bob Fenner>

Overseas Suppliers of Sharks    3/24/06
Hello all and thank you for taking time to help those who so need it.  I am in the process of acquiring marine sharks for my large (35000 gallon) shark lagoon and was contacted by several overseas collectors.  My question is if there is any way to verify that these companies are legitimate and if they have solid track records?  
<Mmm, only by referral really>
Even taking into account freight costs, many times it is far more affordable to buy direct then from local suppliers.
<Oh yes... do make your needs known of Public Aquariums "within driving distance"... as they are offered such animals by donation and enforcement agencies periodically... and don't have the facilities to handle all>
Thank you again.
Matt
<Send along individual company or folks names and if I know of them, or others in their field/geography I will send your note along or offer input. Bob Fenner>

Chained Dogfish (deep water chained "catshark")    3/24/06
Greetings, Wet Web Crew.  First of all, thank you for your prompt answer to a previous question that I had on shark egg care.  I am interested in acquiring a Chained Dogfish or an egg.  I have read that these are very hardy animals to keep, and that they stay around a foot in length.  I have also heard that the only disadvantage is finding a captive source, because they are a deep-water Atlantic fish that is rare in the aquarium business.
<I have never encountered this species in the trade>
I am friends with the guys down at Wet Pets, and we weren't able to find a source for these mislabeled "dogfish".  I did find one petting zoo / aquarium in Maine that had several specimens on display, but they weren't sure where to acquire more.  I have experience with adult catsharks and coral sharks, and have a sincere professional interest in the chained "dogfish".  Any further information whatsoever would be thoroughly appreciated.  Thanks, crew.
-Peter Sewchok
<Mmm, you might try to follow-up with the Public Aquarium... if they have theirs reproduce there may be a way to acquire these. Bob Fenner>

Cat Shark...Other Stocking Question - 03/16/06
Crew,
<<Eric>>
I appreciate your input.
<<My pleasure>>
I am going to leave the shark out of the mix.
<<You will both likely be happier for this.>>
It will get a little too big for my tank I think.
<<Me too>>
Now I think I will plan on a few tangs, a queen angel (my wife loves this fish), a couple of pygmy angels, 5 to 7 green chromis, and a harlequin tusk.  My new question is on the harlequin tusk.  I am not very familiar with this fish and I have read differing opinions on compatibility, with some material indicating the tusk will eat small fish and others saying it's safe.  Can green chromis and other small fish (clowns) be safely kept with a tusk?
<<In my experience/estimation, yes.>>
Thanks again!!!
Eric Skikiewicz
<<Quite welcome, EricR>>

Leopard shark... abandonment issues   03/07/06
I have had a leopard shark in a 1500 gallon pond for about the last 3 years. I am now forced to move back up north (I am in Florida now) due to my parents becoming ill. I am not going to be able to get my pond set back up soon enough to bring her with me. I was wondering if you knew the contact info for sea world or any other aquarium that I could possibly donate her to? This all came up very suddenly so I need to try to get her placed as soon as possible. Thank you for any help
<... you can try contacting... Maybe Bruce Carlson at the new Atlanta Aquarium... but not good odds. Bob Fenner>

Saltwater questions.. Shark sel., systems   3/4/06
Hi Bob,
<Joe>
I have a few more queries which I'd like your help for.
<Will do my best>
Firstly, I have a chance to purchase a Colclough's Shark, and knowing how rare these are, would like your opinion on whether these sharks might live well in my tank.
<The genus does about as well as any captive shark species. Have never seen this fish in the trade in the U.S., but sometimes sold in areas closer to its Australian origin: http://filaman.ifm-geomar.de/Summary/SpeciesSummary.php?id=5893>
My area of concern is the temperature range to which they are accustomed. Scott Michael's book states this range as being between 18
and 24 degrees Celsius. We have just come out of Summer in Australia and I have noted that the tank maintains an average temperature of about 28 -30 degrees Celsius.
<Mmm, yes... I would employ a chilling mechanism here for sure>
While I am certain that this will drop a few degrees during the winter, I do not want to purchase this shark only to let it suffer next
summer. Do you think the shark will be comfortable given this temperature?
<Not likely. We have a similar "challenge" here in S. California with folks trying to keep Leopard (Triakis semifasciata, now banned I'm given to understand), and our local Port Jackson (Heterodontus francisci)... some success during the winter months, almost none w/o chilled systems during the summer>
If not, I would prefer getting an Epaulette which has a warmer range.
<A better choice w/o the chiller...>
Secondly, I am aware of a certain product on the market ("Deniballs T by Aquamedic) which claim to reduce nitrate by slowly dissolving over a period
of a year or so. Is this product essential to a successful marine aquarium or is it simply a money burner?
<Mmm... a worthwhile expedient for some... Nitrates can be a "menace"... but given other means, not necessary. You do want to keep these at a minimum in shark systems... less than 10 ppm.>
Are water changes enough to control nitrate?
<Well... not unless you're super-wealthy, to afford bunches of salt mix, or have a hose pipe from the sea to maintain an open system... Other means are detailed on WWM... Should be reviewed>
Since I will be keeping a shark and ray, among other fish, do they have a specific low-tolerance to nitrate??
<Yes! Any is of trouble really...>
Finally, are cooked shrimp better/worse than raw shrimp to feed to my fish?
(In regards to nutrient value and disease carrying potential).
<Worse nutritionally>
Thank you very much for your time and effort,
Joe
<Thank you for helping us all by asking, sharing. Bob Fenner>

Looking to buy sharks  - 02/20/06
Hello Bob
<Aviv>
I'm interested in buying many different  kinds of sharks. The sharks must be from the Red Sea !!.
Can you help me?
Best Regards
Aviv Levy
Curator
The Underwater Observatory Marine Park
Eilat, Israel
<Mmm, have been to your facility... I would look to training some of the local fisherman there to down to Taba re how to transport suitable small specimens... maybe provide them with large Styro boxes... instructions on how to pass water over the fish's gills through their mouths... or set aside monies to go catch them yourself. Bob Fenner>

Seeking Sphyrna tiburo - 2/11/2006
Thanks a lot for your help. Other questions I looking for 4 tiburo sharks small for a big museum .I ask to dynasty marine without result .Normally the
season for this is June have you a contact for these fishes .
Best regards
David
<Dynasty would be my first choice for Bonnetheads as well. Did you talk with Forrest Young himself? You might try ORA in Ft. Pierce or Proquatics... for a lead to a local collector. Bob Fenner>

Shark sel. and ray system    2/3/06
Hello, I have done tons of research on sharks and from many websites, including yours, the best shark for a smaller home aquarium, would probably be the marbled cat shark or also known as Indonesian speckled carpet shark, Hemiscylliidae freycineti, closely related to the Epaulette shark.  This shark, not the epaulette, reaches a maximum size of 28 inches, but some sites say 22 to 24 is maximum.  I have recently discovered another type of shark that is not advertised for sale on the internet but was at my LFS, it was the Gulf Cat shark, Asymbolus vicenti,
<You've misspelled the name: http://fishbase.org/Summary/speciesSummary.php?ID=789&genusname=Asymbolus&speciesname=vincenti>
maximum length at 23 inches.  Do you have any info on this particular species?
<Mmm, nope. Have never seen it in the trade or captivity>
Can I keep it with live rock or is the risk of infection to much.  I thought it should be ok do to its natural habitat is in rocky areas.  One more question, can I keep a blue spotted ribbon tail ray, Taeniura lymna, in a tank that is 4 ft long, and 18 inches wide?
<... possibly. Though very few live in captivity in any size system for long. Not a good gamble>
The only reason I ask this question which may sound crazy is because some sites say a 75 is minimum,
<Get longer than this sized box>
people I know say this would be a fine size, and that my local fish store says that it will be ok. These rays in particular mostly lay in the sand unless agitated or frightened, or in times of feeding.   I know they are not the hardiest and don't have the greatest survival rate but in my experience, I have been told that there was no way I could keep a blue ribbon eel or banded snake eel alive, and that the minimum size tank for a banded snake eel was 180 gallons according to Scott Michael's book and I have been successfully keeping both specimens in a 55 gallon tank for over 2 years.  This makes me question recommendations.
I know this is a lot to digest, just looking for more info and input.
Thank you and your site for continuous help,
                                                              Chris
<In good hands, care, animals can be kept in smaller confines... are they happy, long-lived? Bob Fenner>

Carcharhinids not in captivity - 01/24/06
Hi, I was wondering if you had any black tipped reef sharks for sale? If you do, how much are they? Can you ship one to Seattle, Washington? Thank you very much.
<We don't sell livestock... read on WWM re this species use in captivity... and save yourself time, money and heartache... oh, and the sharks lives. Bob Fenner>

Coral Catshark... selection, systems   1/17/06
Hello,
<Greetings>
I was interested in getting a coral catshark, and was wondering if you  could recommend any vendors that can ship or are located near  Philadelphia.  That
Fish Place in Lancaster stocks banded  cat sharks and they currently have a Wobby (nothing I have any desire to keep  really).  The little Orectolobus they
have is maybe 12 inches long,  hopefully it won't end up jammed into a 55 gallon tank!  In any event that  is a species that grows far too large for my keeping.
<Mmm, TFP would be my first choice... they can order if they're available at the time... as the folks know what they're doing there, and this would be the shortest (further distance) for the specimen to travel. Marine Center, Marine Depot can likewise order/receive/re-ship such an animal to you>
The two species I had interest in were Atelomycterus marmoratus, and  
Atelomycterus macleayi.  I have not been able to find them very easily for  sale though.  Do you know the basic differences between the species?
<We've been over this. I encourage you to buy Scott Michael's excellent work on the captive husbandry of these animals... and read it thoroughly>
  I was leaning towards getting the marmoratus if possible, but the macleayi is  the only species I could find in the trade.
<Both are offered from time to time... they are wild-collected... and folks "get around" to them if/when they can...>
The enclosure I have setup for the shark has been running for a while now   and is cycled, currently the tank is empty of fish.  The tank is a 125 with  a
sand substrate and that's it.  There is no rock, and a hiding spot would  more than likely just end up being a chunk of large PVC pipe.
<Mmm, I do advise you to make some sort of larger, heavier structure, with space behind it... to allow your shark to get out of view...>
  I would like  to add a large tang to the tank to go with the shark, but that will come  later.  I do have a spare 200 gallon tank in the basement, and if need  be I will
eventually set that one up for the shark and any companions (currently  I can't justify such a large tank when the shark I am buying may come to me  at under 10 inches in length!
Do you have any species specific care advice?
Thanks,
Steve
<A great deal... unfortunately, am farther behind on other projects... rather than writing about even the more suitable shark species for aquarium use. Perhaps you would compile this information, write it up in an article format... I will gladly help you sell/place it in the e- and paper 'zine mag.s. Bob Fenner>

Re: Coral Catshark    1/19/06
Thanks for the input.  I will contact TFP and see what they can  do.  I checked online and found a few books on aquarium shark keeping (one  is in stock at
the local book store), and I am going to pick that up as  well.  
-Steve
<A good investment. Good luck, life to you. Bob Fenner>

Nurse shark spitting water out of the tank  12/21/05
Ok here isn't something I have seen before but the shark is doing it most nights. Once it become night
and he becomes active, he will swim along the top of the tank. He will then go up to the top of the tank
and spit water. There is one section that is not covered and he send the water flying out. any reason
for this particular behavior? <First off Peter, no home aquarium is large enough to keep a nurse shark in conditions to its liking.  Why do pet shops sell these, they need to be banned.  Are you aware these sharks attain lengths of 16 feet?  They will NOT adapt to aquarium conditions and don't listen to anyone who tells you their growth can be controlled by smaller feedings or by the size of tank they are in.  His behavior is largely due to the negative conditions he is living in. Stress, my friend. It won't be too long before he will be attempting to jump out.  I'd try to find a home for him such as a public aquarium.  Sharks are best left in the sea where they will do the most good.  James (Salty Dog)>

“Cat” Shark Care  12/17/05
Hi,
<Hello.>
thanks for all your info it is very useful...
<Quite welcome.>
I am purchasing a 250 gallon tank to house a baby band cat shark, hope to be an adult cat shark some day...  That is the only fish I plan on having...  
<Good sharks should be kept in species only tanks.>
What kind of filtration system do you recommend?
<A VERY large protein skimmer, perhaps some type of bio-media (since you won’t be able to keep copious amounts of Live Rock in the display) or better yet a live rock/macro-algae refugium and of course LOTS of water flow.>
  Is this size tank big enough?  
<It’s hard to say there are a few sharks labeled with the common name cat-shark (Including Atelomycterus marmoratus and Chiloscyllium punctatum, the first stays under 30” while the second grows to over 40” – big difference), and while the volume of the tank (250-gallons) sounds good on paper, it would help to know the exact dimensions of the tank. Surface area is very important with these animals.>
How is the maintenance for this fish?
<Sharks are not for casual aquarists, be sure to research the needs thoroughly, re: disease, diet and so on., read the FAQ’s here on WWM and check out Scott Michael’s, “Sharks and Rays.”>
  Thanks for your help...  I have also donated to Amazon Honor System...
<Thank you for this, Adam J.>

Black Tip Sharks  11/22/05
Hello
<Hey, Mike G here.>
Hope you can help me.
<So do I. :)>
I am after purchasing 2 black tip sharks for an aquarium tank.
<Hope it is a very, very large aquarium.>
Where would I go about finding them,
<Not sure... not exactly a readily available species (which is a good thing, for the most part)
and have you got a estimated cost?
<No, sorry. I'd guess somewhere around $400-$500 for a decent sized one, but I've yet to see them offered for sale, so...>
regards
<Good luck on your search!>
David Fry
<Mike G> 

Shark Selection  11/9/05
Dear Mr. Fenner,
<Maria>
We are Polish company which is doing marine aquariums for private people as well as other institutions in our country. We also plan to open Oceanarium in Gdansk.
<How nice!>
We consider you as an expert and we appreciate you for your knowledge about sharks and therefore I would to kindly request you for your opinion and help.
<Okay>
One of our customers asked us to order for him a Blacktip shark to be settled in a tank with capacity 6000 l. Our knowledge is not sufficient to decide wither it is big enough to prevent it from hurting itself.
<Mmm, about 1,600 gallons... should work out only when this fish is small... for a few years (2,3...), though not for its entire lifetime>
Therefore I would like to kindly ask you for your opinion concerning this issue. If you consider that it is not big enough that what other species could be suitable for such a aquarium. 
<The Epaulette, Bamboo and Hornshark families have some suitable species... Please read here: http://www.wetwebmedia.com/sharkselfaqs.htm and the linked files above>
The second thing is, that in the mentioned oceanarium we would like to create a tank with capacity 40 000l, where we would like to settle as many different species of sharks as it is possible taking into consideration their safety of course. We would be grateful for your suggestion and list of sharks that in your opinion could safely inhabit one tank.
<Mmm, some species can be mixed... likely you, your customer/s want more "sharky" sharks... ones that swim about, hover off the bottom (unlike the families suggested above)... there are some smaller species here... I would take the time to search through Fishbase.org, get/use a copy of Scott Michael's shark and ray book...>
<<I also suggest they try to contact the good people at the Long Beach Aquarium of the Pacific.  Marina>>
Thank you in advance. I am looking forward to hearing from you soon.
Yours faithfully,
Maria Chodorowska
Siren Group www.siren.pl 
<Welcome. Bob Fenner>

Hunting for eels! 11/6/05
Hi, my name is William; I live on an island in the Caribbean. I live on the shore and lately have been chasing after what I believe to be chain-link morays.
<Most common species in shallow water there...>
It seems to be tougher than I expected. I was wondering if there are anyways of attracting these magnificent eels to a certain area. Just the other night I went to look for them since they are nocturnal, but I believe they went out to sea for feeding. The area I usually find them in is a small cove covered in spiny lobster, parrotfish, sea urchins, and green morays.
Recently I have seen three of them in the span of two days. Two of them were large averaging about one and a half feet long. The third though was quite skinny and was about eight inches long. Any help would be greatly appreciated, thank you.
<Can be caught in "minnow traps" incorporating a fyke on one/both end/s... with bait inside. Or with a barbless hook and line, with something meaty for bait... or via a small fence and hand net... Please read here: http://www.wetwebmedia.com/collmarsdvg.htm and the linked files above, and the accounts on moray eels archived on WWM. Bob Fenner>