Featured
Sponsor

 

 

 

Related FAQs: Hydrozoans, Hydrozoans 2, Hydrozoan Identification, Hydrozoan ID 2, Hydrozoan ID 3, Hydrozoan ID 4, Hydrozoan ID 5, & Hydrozoan Behavior, Hydrozoan Compatibility, Hydrozoan Selection, Hydrozoan Systems, Hydrozoan Feeding, Hydrozoan Disease, Hydrozoan Reproduction, Medusoids/Jellies (Ctenophores, some Hydrozoans, Scyphozoans): Jelly Identification, Jelly Behavior, Jelly Compatibility, Jelly Selection, Jelly Systems, Jelly Feeding, Jelly Disease, Jelly Reproduction, Fire Corals Lace Corals, Stinging-celled Animals

Related Articles: Cnidarians, Fire Corals, Stylasterines, Hydrozoan Jellies, Water Flow, How Much is Enough,

/A Diversity of Aquatic Life

Not Corals! But Still Stinging-Celled Animals: The Hydrozoans

By Bob Fenner

Distichopora violacea Red Sea

Notable to aquarists and divers alike as being beautiful, fragile and slightly to highly toxic to the touch! Watch your hands underwater... and don't touch your mucus membranes w/o washing your hands after diving or working in your tanks. Ouch! 

    Hydrozoans are the "other" Class of cnidarians (Anthozoans making up the mainly polypoid corals, anemones, sea fans... and Scyphozoans the "real" Jellyfishes that live most of their lives as medusas, inverted bell-shapes). Most of the Hydrozoans are small, obscure not-so funny to touch Christmas tree sort of affairs, but they include such notables as Portuguese Man of War, Fire Corals (Millepora), and the beautiful delicate Stylasterines (Lace Corals) amongst their ranks.  

    These are colonial animals, sometimes a branch per colony, other times a specialized part (like the "Sail" in the Man 'O War...).

Order Hydroida: Hydroids, the most common Hydrozoans. Most are "tree-like" in shape with their stinging cells much like small leaves or ornaments. Most reproduce sexually, with mature attached colonies releasing small medusae that form at the base of their "branches"... these swim off producing either eggs or sperm, that if joined, metamorphose into a planula larval form that if fortunate, is blown by currents to a suitable reef surface and attaches, becoming a new branched colony. 

Aglaophenia sp. Fiji.

Aglaophenia cupressina Lamouroux 1812, Feather Hydroid. Indo-Pacific. To about two feet in height. Zooplankton filter feeder. Occurs in whitish and tan varieties. A colony in Australia and one showing reproductive structures in N. Sulawesi.

Antennellopsis sp. Very narrow single strand colonies. N. Sulawesi images. 

Gymnangium longicauda, Feather Hydroid. 3 1/2 to 12" tall. Thin, close-spaced individual branches with whitish branchlets. Found worldwide in tropical seas. Cozumel and Nuka Hiva, Marquesas pix.

Gymnangium hians (Busk 1852), Feather Hydroid. Found in areas of good current on underhangs, in caves (pukas). Gray to light brown in color. 2-3 inches in length. Indo-Pacific. Hawaii pix.

Halocordyle disticha, the Christmas Tree Hydroid. Branches alternately arranged on single stalks in colonies. Bearing prominent white polyps at ends like Xmas ornaments. To three and a half inches in height. St. Lucia pix.

Lytocarpus sp. (family Plumulariidae). N. Sulawesi image. 

Pennaria disticha Goldfuss 1820. Cosmopolitan in tropical, temperate seas. To 12 cm. in height. Urn-shaped polyps are born on upper sides of immediately alternating branches. N. Sulawesi and Nuka Hiva, Marquesas images. 

Rapharia gorgoniae, Solitary Gorgonian Hydroid. Size: 1/4-1 in. diameter. Singular polyps with thin, clearish tentacles. Usually found attached to sea fans, particularly Sea Plumes (Pseudopterogorgia). Cozumel pic by Di. 

Sertularella speciosa, Branching Hydroid. Branches alternate in single plane per stalk, with white polyps alternating. Solitary or colonial. 

Thyroscyphus ramosus, the Algae Hydroid. Uneven alternately arrayed branches, often covered by algae. "Clean" in St. Lucia, and more typical appearance in Belize and a close-up in Cozumel.

 

 


 

 

 

 

Featured Sponsors:
Google
 
Web www.WetWebMedia.com

Amazon Honor System Click Here to Pay Learn More