|
|
FAQs on Reef Filtration Brands/Manufacturers
Related Articles: Reef Filtration,
The ZEOvit System: A New Concept in Reefkeeping
by Alexander Girz,
Marine Filtration: Mechanical,
Physical, Use of/ Plenums,
Reef Systems, Reef Set-Up,
Refugiums, Nutrient Control and
Export, Central
Filtration Systems,
Technology:
Putting on the Brakes: How much is too much? By Tommy
Dornhoffer, Related FAQs:
Reef Filtration 1, Reef Filtration 2,
& FAQS on Reef Filtration:
Designs, Installation,
Maintenance, DIY,
Troubleshooting/Repair,& By Type of System:
Small Tank Setups, Large System
Filtration/Circulation/Aeration, & By Aspect and Gear:
Biol.:
Biological Filtration,
Denitrification/Denitrifiers,
Fluidized Beds,
DSBs, Plenums,
Algal Filtration, Mech.:
Marine Mechanical Filtration, Power
Filters, Outside Power Filters,
Canister, Cartridge Filters,
Undergravel Filters, Wet-Dry
Filters, Phys.: Ultraviolet
Sterilizers, Ozone,
To Skim or Not to Skim, Best Skimmer
FAQs, Chem.:
Nutrient Control and Export, Chemical
Filtrants (e.g. Polyfilter, Chemipure, Purigen),
Carbon, Mud/Algal Filtration
, Phony:
Magnetic Field Filtration, & Troubles:
Bubbles, Noise, &
Reef Systems 1,
Reef Systems 2,
Reef Set-Up 1, Reef Set-Up 2,
Reef Set-Up 3, Reef Set-Up 4,
Reef Set-Up 5, Reef Set-Up 6, |
"Many roads lead to Rome..." And to the several possible modes and
modifications therein to provide marine reef filtration. |
Skimmer options for Reef tank 8/3/05
Hi crew, I have been
reading over your articles for the past few days on skimmers and I
feel even more confused then before!!
<Sometimes it is hard to
wade through the sea of info! No pun intended <g>.>
I recently
converted my 75 gallon freshwater tank to a reef setup and before I
start to stock it with corals and some fish I am trying to get a
good skimmer squared away. I'm currently using a sea clone 150 (I
know bad call) and I am noticing that it does not seem to
skim......at all. <This skimmer really does perform poorly. Many
aquarists have modified them to perform better, but such tinkering
shouldn't be required and still results in mediocre performance.>
I have algae forming which the crabs I got are taking care of, and
my tank has just recently finished cycling with 30 lbs of live rock,
live sand, and 2 (started with 5) blue/green gobies.
<All good,
although it was not necessary to sacrifice the gobies for the
cycle. Live rock die off produces plenty of ammonia to cycle on
it's own.>
Ph is 8.2, Salinity is just slightly high past 32,
and 0 nitrite and about 10ppm nitrate. Don't have calcium measure
yet as I'm awaiting the test kit for it. <Please also get an
alkalinity test kit and maintain proper alkalinity. IMO, this is
the most important thing to measure besides pH and salinity and may
be the most under appreciated water parameter in reef tanks!>
Back to my question though....a sump is out of the question for me
at the moment as I don't feel I understand them enough, and I don't
feel I have the room. I feel this is limiting my options in
skimmers, but that's the situation at the moment. <There isn't much
to understand. The water drains from the tank to the sump and is
pumped back. There are many benefits, and in most cases a perfectly
adequate sump will fit nicely right under the tank. Nothing special
is required either, a plain standard glass aquarium or even a
plastic storage container can work well. Having the display drilled
for drains is helpful, but hang on overflow units work fine too. A
sump is by no means necessary, but do at least consider looking into
it!>
I'm not sure which type of skimmer/pump combo would work
good. I'm really not wanting to spend more than about 200-300
dollars on a skimmer/pump combo. Any recommendations? <Aqua-C
Remora pro would be my first choice and a CPR BakPak II would be
distant second. Both of these skimmers have a low profile and don't
require a lot of clearance. Deltec's are outstanding, but very
expensive. Most other models cannot be recommended.>
I sent the
original note before and forgot to include another question I
had! For mechanical filtration I am using two emperor 400's, one of
the reasons I went with the sea clone was a space constraint on the
back of the tank. After looking at some other skimmers, I was
wondering if it would be viable to take down one of the emperor
400's and replace wit with a CPR BAK-PAK2? Would I be giving up too
much mechanical filtration? Thanks again! <Many reef keepers forgo
all mechanical filtration, especially if the tank and/or sump
contain a sand bed where living organisms can process particulate
waste. Also, the highly aerobic conditions in power filters tend to
cause nitrate accumulation by out competing live rock for ammonia
and nitrite processing.>
Thanks for the help! John
<Glad
to! Best Regards. AdamC.> Skimmer and Pump for Reef part 2
8/9/05
Ok, I have been doing some reading and a sump does
seem like it may be an option now. I found an old 30 gallon
aquarium I'm going to use. <This will work very well!>
Would you
still recommend the same skimmers? <Probably not. Although the hang
on units have in-sump counterparts, I would choose a model designed
for in-sump use. IMO, Aqua-C and Euroreef are top notch in ease of
use and performance and have realistic ratings. Again, Deltec is
top of the line, but quite expensive.>
If I have it right I need
to put live sand in the sump as well as the skimmer. Add in a pump
to pull and return the water from the display into the sump. I
think that's right. <The sump can be as simple as an empty box, but
is useful for holding a skimmer, heaters and other equipment that is
inconvenient or unsightly to keep in the display. No live sand is
required, but some folks do choose to also use their sump as a
refugium, in which case, various sand, rock and algae may be
kept. Water drains passively from the display tank to the sump and
then actively pumped from the sump back to the display.>
Also,
lighting, what type of lighting do I have to have for the sump if
its under the main tanks display stand? I'm assuming it needs to
have some. <If it is only to function as a sump, then no light is
required. If you would like to also use the sump as a refugium,
then lights may be required.>
Thanks a lot Adam I really
appreciate your help. The people at the LFS have great fish, but
are always just trying to sell me something that I may not always
need! <Glad to help out! Best Regards. AdamC.> Skimmer and
Pump for reef part 3 8/12/05
Thanks for the reply
Adam. Just figured I would send you an update. I found a local
shop that does custom marine setups. All from fabricating stands
and drilling tanks to stocking them. The owner was very nice and
loved supporting the local people as well as businesses wanting to
setup tanks. <Outstanding! A local place that provides good
products and knowledgeable service is well worth supporting!>
I
brought in my 29 gallon tank I had and we are adding partitions to
make it a refugium. I also ended up purchasing an AquaC Urchin Pro
they had to install in it. Should be done by the weekend or so for
me to pick up. Thanks again for your advice Adam, much
appreciated. <I am sure you will be very pleased with your new
system! Glad to have been of assistance. AdamC.> |
Reef Set-Up/Filtration 12/28/05
Happy holidays!
<Same to you Ed.>
OK, so the wife and I went into the LFS and were
astounded by the coral.
<Amazing isn’t it?>
We thought about a
nanocube and did some research and decided that it was not the way to
go.
<Yes they are nice “novelty” items but I find it
hard to take them seriously when they recommend it for marine use
without installing a protein skimmer. It is definitely not for
beginners.>
There are only 3 LFS stores in the city selling salt
water/marine. In two the tanks are filthy and in the third we
get different advice depending on who we ask.
<Differing advice in
the marine aquarium, no couldn’t be….Seriously though this is why WWM
and other information exists so you can research for yourself and come
to your own logical conclusion.>
We have now spent several hundred
dollars on reference books and maybe its too much information but we're
confused.
<Can never have too much.>
We are looking at a 55 g
Tenecor marine ready or a 70 g Oceanic reef ready Tech.
<Both are
good sizes and reputable companies.>
We would like to keep the tank
to 36 inches. We plan to use about 100 lb. of LR and do a 3 inch live
sand bed. We plan to do the closed loop manifold system you recommend.
<Good.>
We'd like to add a sump to hide the heaters, chiller (we are
planning MH), and skimmer and to increase the amount of water.
<Very good.>
Both Tenecor and Oceanic have recommended sumps
including wet/dry filtration.
We have been reading forums in which
writers stated that with LR/LS filtration additional filtration may
actually be detrimental. What is your opinion?
<Bio-media after a
period of time tend to accumulate nutrients and it’s just not as
efficient as a breeding grounds for nitrifying bacteria, in either words
except in certain applications…they are becoming less favorable. The
surface area on live rock is more than ample at providing a breeding
grounds for nitrifying bacteria and the bio-media is not
necessary. Bio-media is great at breaking down ammonia and nitrite but
not so great with nitrite. Also macro-algae/microfauna refugiums are of
much more benefit to the reef tank. I would look into these.>
One of
the manufacturers recommends an in sump pump. It is my understanding
that we would be better off if the pump were outside the sump. What is
your opinion?
<I prefer “dry” pumps as opposed to wet pumps, they
tend not to transfer as much heat to the water and give you more room in
your sump for the equipment and refugia mentioned above.>
Thanks,
Ed
<Quite welcome, Adam J.>
Filtration on 80gal Bowfront 12/29/07
Hello Crew,
<Hello,
Scott V. with you.>
Thank you for the time and experience you share
with all of us.
I've always been interested in keeping a saltwater
and tank and was encouraged to pursue my interest last year when given a
20gal tank. I started up the tank in September last year with a basic
filter, powerhead, heater and live rock. In October I added a couple
yellow-tail damsels and then added a couple of False Ocellaris Clownfish
in November. I was able to maintain good levels and healthy fish and I
had a nice growth of coralline algae. In the spring of this year, I
added a mushroom and then during this last summer, I added a Xenia,
which I unfortunately watched suffer. It was only at its demise that I
became more aware of the need to test for calcium.
<And alkalinity?>
During the summer I also noticed an outbreak of red slime algae and
decided it was time to invest in a skimmer (AquaC Remora).
<Good
move.>
Now that the skimmer is running and I've kept up on water
changes, I have been able to maintain a healthy Kenyi tree that is
spreading all over the tank, a leather finger and a leather coral. All
this said to say that I am fascinated with the craft decided I have to
expand .I now have an 80 gal. bowfront awaiting decisions on a
filtration system.
Since all I have known is hang-ons, I've been
reading up and am leaning toward a sump and a separate refugium.
<Yes, if you are going to upgrade, this is the way to go.>
Please
review and let me know your thoughts on the current design. I would like
to house a reef tank with a medium load of fish, and LR. In terms of
corals, I would like to consider clams, anemone, brain coral, leathers,
Acropora, torch coral, xenia. This is just a sampling of what I am
interested in and want to design for.
<I would skip the anemone and
limit mixing the soft corals with hard.>
Since my stand is a
bowfront, I am somewhat limited in space. The opening on the back is
27.5" wide and 30.5" tall and the interior space is 32" wide x 12" deep
by 30.5" tall
1) Sump - Reef Devil Reef Sump by AE Tech (28 x 11x 16)
Compartment 1 - micron bag, skimmer, skimmer pump
Compartment 2 -
will use mechanical or chemical filtration as appropriate
Compartment
3 - pump back to tank
<OK>
2) Skimmer - AquaC EV120 or Euro-Reef
RS100 (not sure if I should be considering the EV180). Should I consider
anyone of these more than the other. I would like the quietest if there
is a difference as this tank will be in the family room.
<The
EuroReef in my opinion.>
3) Pumps - I have not even looked at pumps
yet (will once again be interested in quiet operating pumps)
<Considering space limitations, a submersible, Eheim hands down.>
4)
Lighting - 48" Corallife Aqualight Pro (2x150W HQI MH (10,000K) + 2 96W
PC + 3 LED)
<Will be fine.>
5) Water Flow - for additional water
movement, I am installing a closed loop system of 1" pvc pipes buried in
the base sand (3" bed) with 8-45 degree angles forcing water into the
tank from all sides. I will also have 2 outlets in the top rear corners.
Both the lower and upper system will be run off pumps located under the
tank. These are in addition to the outflow from the sump.
<How much
flow do you plan to run through these? Given the size of the tank, eight
outputs low and two above is just too many. If your pump is sized to
your tank this will provide very little dynamic flow. If your pump is
sized to your outputs, this will be way too much flow. Also, I assume
you plan to drill this tank. If you do please check to see if the bottom
is tempered, it likely is. If so, you will not be able to safely drill
it. >
6) UV Sterilizer (to be added in the future)
<I would skip
this.>
7) Refugium - Ecosystem Refugium 100M (24 x 8 x 8) -
considering adding this in the future on top of the sump
<I suppose
this could work. For the money spent on both the refugium and sump, I
would consider having one made that simply incorporates both into one
design, or possibly fabricating yourself.>
Sorry for the lengthy
post. I'm just really wanting to do this as right as possible the first
time.
<No problem.>
Thank in advance.
Jason
<Welcome, good
luck, Scott V.> Filtration Recommendations
<< Thank you for your advice. I have probed the internet heavily for
anything that I could find on your suggesting an algae scrubber means of
filtration, and I came up with the Leng Sy method found at
www.ecosystemaquarium.com. I was wondering, is this what you are
speaking of? The reason I ask is because they say that no additional
filtration, such as a protein skimmer, should be incorporated with their
method. What do you think of this? I am really quite confused about this
system, as it is completely foreign to me.
Also, could I mix dead
sand with live sand to cut costs?
My last question is what you think
of denitration units (the not-natural kind, such as that by NatuReef).
Thank you very much,
Brian Towers >>
Yes, this is exactly the type
of filter system I am/was referring to... and some people do run such
systems without, with, or temporarily or scheduled on/off a skimmer....
I run mine with... but they are not (the ones I use) very "efficient"...
Yes to the dead sand becoming live... no problem with mixing some or
placing the live on top.... it all will become live.
I am not a big
fan of electronic and the drip/sugar anaerobic box types of
denitrators... and especially don't agree with much of the advertisement
claims of many of these products.... Water changes do more than just rid
systems of nitrates... and are by far cheaper and better ways of
preserving water quality.... and live rock, deep(er) sand beds, live
macroalgae, anaerobic/hypoxic media (like Ehfi-mech, Siporax Beads...)
are far better than these expensive, unpredictable products...
Bob
Fenner 110 gallon reef-filtration
This is the email I
meant to send you. I am not sure if you received it so I am sending it
again. Thanks-
<Ah, figured there was more.>
Hello there, I have,
of course, a million questions to ask and your response to any of them
would be great.
I have read your column and recent Q&A and have
already answered numerous other questions.
I have had numerous tanks
during the past fifteen years, mainly brackish and fresh as well as one
fish only salt. Now I am setting up my first reef tank.
Actually it is going to be a half reef/half fish tank.
I have always
wanted to keep several anemone's and clownfish, a few tangs (purple and
yellow, I know they may not be compatible, gobies, etc. and a few corals
(some of the hardier, beginner types, not stony polyps to begin with).
My tank is a 110 gallon glass Oceanic tank. not the reef ready version,
also undrilled) (60x18x24) I purchased a Hamilton Tech ABS hood that has
2 175 watt MH (5500k) and four 55 watt power compact actinics.
I
paid an extra 30 for a second fan because I plan on placing this
directly on the glass canopy of the aquarium. Extra heat should not be a
problem, should it?
<Hope not... only actual practice will tell.>
My light may be a little excessive for what I want to keep, but it was a
gift and I really enjoy the shadow effect you get with MH as compared to
all PC.
My big question relates to filtration. I have nearly a dozen
Marine/Reef books (including yours) and three magazine subscriptions and
have been debating this for the past six months prior to purchasing my
tank. I also, over years in the hobby, have purchased and still have
much equipment.
<You, me, and a whole lot of other folks, I'll
warrant.>
I come across great deals and buy things that I save to use
I the future. I have Eheim wet/dry filters.
<Unfortunately, IMO, not
one of their greater developments.>
One rated for tanks up to 90
gallons and the other for tanks up to 160. These use a substance call
Eheim Substrat. Small porous stones or rocks to conduct biological
filtration. I like these because of the their ease in use and
maintenance and the way they return water causing a wave. I have thought
about using the larger one with a hang on protein skimmer (considering
buying a reef devil III) as my filtration. Even thought about hooking up
both Eheim filter and placing them on each side of the tank. Lots of
water movement, along with a few pumps on the bottom of the tank for
more movement. Would this work well?
<Again, not a big fan of
Eheim's wet-dry efforts... would build/buy a sump, add gear to it...
like a needle-wheel skimmer...>
I also have a LifeGuard fluidized bed
filter. Would it be overkill to use that with the Eheim and the prot.
skimmer?
Could I have eventual nitrate problems? The kicker is that
I do plan to have live rock in the tank as well.
<This unit is also
not well designed or constructed... but will work as a beginning "box">
As for that, I am contemplating using 75-100 lbs of Carib sea reef rock
as my base and then purchasing 50-60 lbs of live rock to place on top.
Thus, I guess I could stop using the live fluidized bed after all the
live rock was seeded. Can you have to much biological filtration?
<Actually yes... hard to balance aerobic, hypoxic and very low
oxygenated bacterial actions in a closed system... better to not
overdrive any... instead rely on lower stocking densities, less vs. more
feeding, using plenty of live rock, purposeful or incidental live
substrates... >
Alternatively, I could use a sump. I have a 20 gallon
long tank, as well as an ultra reef hang on prefilter with a double
return. I also have a Zambezi 1000 in sump skimmer. This skimmer is 26
inches tall and about 6 inches in diameter. It uses a RIO 2100 pump.
My hesitation in setting up a sump is the higher risk of flooding than
with the Eheims and maintenance. The Zambezi is a tough fit into my
cabinet and I am working with limited space in the area where the tank
is.
<Know we're starting to get somewhere.>
Have you heard
anything about Zambezi skimmers?
It is made by Marine Enterprise
International, makers of Crystal Sea salt. I know that most reefers
following the Berlin method insist upon a sump and there are benefits as
far as placing your heaters in there, dosing, water changes etc. What
are your thoughts?
<Rate these skimmers about in the "middle"
quality and function wise.
Also, would it be too much to set up the
sump and run one of the Eheim Wet/Dry's for added filtration, water
movement etc.
<Hearing what gear you have, I would...>
Your
thoughts are greatly appreciated. Thank you in advance-
Jim >>
<You're welcome. Bob Fenner> Seeking equipment advice for 55
gal
Hi Bob,
I've been reading your website on equipment
information etc. but I wanted to ask your recommendations as it pertains
to my tank set up I have on order.
I've recently purchased a SeaClear
acrylic 55 gallon tank which I am going to fill with live rock and the
following fish: 2 percula clownfish, hippo tang, Banggai cardinal and a
flame angel.
<Okay>
I've purchased the type of tank that has the
pre-filter box inside the back corner of the tank as I'm going to have
all equipment tubes etc. under the tank in the cabinet.
<Sounds good>
I'm seeking your recommendations on the following equipment I plan on
buying as to which brands of the below listed items would be suitable
for my tank:
1. Wet/Dry Filter
<Most any... I like the CPR line
(Creative Plastics Research, CPRUSA.com) for design, value... but many
others will/would do.>
2. Protein Skimmer (free standing outside of
the wet/dry filter type)
<Hmm, well the tank is a bit small for one
of the larger units... but if you think you might go to a larger system
in future, a Turboflotor 1000... if not, maybe just a CPR unit here as
well... will be fine when the live rock settles in>
3. Canister
Filter for additional mechanical filtration (I'm going to get an EHEIM
here)
<Best choice on the planet>
4. Appropriate pumps for the
skimmer and the wet/dry (I'm really uncertain here)
<Eheim's would be
best... service, reliability and value in the longer haul (last for
years, lower energy consumption... whisper quiet)... outside pumping?
Probably the low or semi-corrosive magnetic-drive series of Little
Giants that are offered in the trade (the other lines produce too much
waste heat, noise, and more volume and pressure than you require...
direct drives are out>
5. How many powerheads would you recommend for
a 55 gallon and which type would be good ??
<Two to four... Instant
Oceans and Hagen's are best volume, service factor wise...>
I'm
buying with Quality and Ease of maintenance being my top priorities. I
don't mind spending the money up front for quality equipment that will
help keep my fish healthy.
<I'm in the same club, of the same mind>
Thanks in advance for your advice and guidance !
<Glad to be here.
Bob Fenner> Filter for reef tank...
Hi Bob...quick question
for you. I bought a tank that is about 2 years old and it came with a
Sea Clone (which will become a hospital tank skimmer) and an AquaClear
filter (also for the hospital tank). It's a 70-gallon tank and I've
ordered the Aqua C Remora (hang-on, as I will have no sump on this
tank...tempered glass bottom can't be drilled and I don't want to risk a
flood). Any recommendations on a good power filter to use for it?
Planning to have about 80 lbs of live rock and a full reef tank.
There are just so many out there, and it gets to be overwhelming. I
figured you might have a favorite with this situation (got the Remora
per your advice).
<Hmm, any idea what sorts of organisms you might be
wanting to keep? At the zenith I would utilize a sump and an overflow
box (see the CPR site here for pix)... along with a couple or three
internal pumps/powerheads to move water about... next down the line I
would use one of the beefier hang on filters rigging it up as a lighted
refugium (like Leng Sy's Ecosystem units) plus pumps as above... on the
lowest end, good sized canister/s or hang on power filters could do>
Thanks for the help!
Kind regards,
Misty Johnson
<Be chatting.
Bob Fenner> Re: filter for reef tank...
I forgot to mention
that I have already purchased four MaxiJet 1200's for water movement.
<Ah, good products>
Initial life forms (as this is my first tank)
will be my clean-up crew, maybe a cucumber, and about 5 fish (nothing
big...love gobies, damsels and clowns, added gradually, of course). Then
as $$ and tank progress permits, I'll upgrade the lighting to
accommodate corals, mushrooms, other non-fish things. And after 6 months
to a year, I really want a mandarin (or a pair...I could watch them all
day)!
I've heard nightmares about overflow/sumps flooding, but will
do more research and add this if I can find something with which I'm
comfortable.
By then, I may have upgraded to a drilled tank.
<Yes...>
I've also found a nice-sized acrylic refugium at my LFS that
I might get (as suggested down the line). Still figuring out the exact
purpose of a refugium (is it just that...a refuge for smaller
inhabitants?)
<Many... see the piece on these tools on the WWM site>
Need one of those little confused faces to put here!
Thanks for the
(continuing) help.
<A pleasure. Bob Fenner>
:-)Misty
Eco-Wheel Opinion
Me again Bob,
I was wondering if I could
get your opinion on AE Inc's Eco-wheel product?
http://aquaticengineers.com/index.htm I was considering using one of
these along w/an Ecosystem mud setup.
<Have only heard two accounts
re these (expensive) units... both positive. No personal experience. Bob
Fenner>
thanks again Bob! Skimming and UV Selection
Hi, first of all your site is absolutely fantastic! Thank you for it.
<Glad that you find it enjoyable! We sure have a blast bringing it to
you! Scott F. with you today>
I'm going to be setting up my first
Reef Aquarium (70gal).
<Ahh...the addiction begins!>
Currently I
have Fluval 404 filter and I was looking for something that would have
protein skimmer and UV and filtration all in one...
I came across
ViaAqua Multi-skimmer, which is a skimmer and 5W UV light. I'm not
certain who makes it and I have no idea what their web page is.
<Not
100% certain, but you may want to search under "commodity Axis", which I
believe is the master distributor for their products...Do check this
out!>
Are you familiar with it? what are your thoughts on that
filter?
<Not familiar with this particular skimmer, although Via Aqua
does offer some good products. I am not familiar with any other
manufacturer offering a combination UV Sterilizer and Protein Skimmer.
There are skimmer/"filter" combinations, such as the CPR Bak Pak. You
may just want to keep it simple and opt for a good protein skimmer and
basic sump system...>
If negative, could you recommend an all in one
filter most importantly with v. good wet/dry filtration and skimmer
together, but one that I would not have to set up a sump for?
<Okaayyy- so you don't want a sump...Well, then I'd look for one of the
hang-on-the-back units, like the Aqua C Remora (just a skimmer, but a
good one), or the Tunze skimmers and related accessories...Do consider a
sump though- they do offer remarkable flexibility, and need not be
expensive or complex..>
What kind of UV light would you recommend for
the filter you suggest?
<Well, lots of factors go into selecting and
utilizing UV in an aquarium. Factors such as water flow into the unit,
tank size, etc., etc., etc. all figure into the equation. DO a little
research on the WWM site to help you decide what you need.>
Thank you
very much, Luke
<A pleasure, Luke! Good luck! Regards, Scott F>
|
|
