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by Bob Fenner

New Print and eBook on Amazon Marine Aquarium Algae Control by Robert (Bob) Fenner

Families Ranellidae and Personidae (often in Cymatidae in older literature): Tritons. Usually have thick, heavy, sculptured shells, though their beauty is often hidden by growth of their periostracum. Feed on echinoderms and molluscs. Fourteen species in Hawai'i. 

Charonia tritonis (Linnaeus 1767), the Triton's Trumpet (or Pu ole in Hawaiian). To twenty inches. . Indo-Pacific. Used by the Greek God Triton as well as Hawaiian and other indigenous folks as a blow horn. Important as a predator on Crown of Thorns Stars as well as other echinoderms. Hawai'i pic.

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Cymatium raderi D’Attilio & Myers, 1984; Triton Snail. Tow about eight inches long. Predatory. Caribbean to Brazil. Roatan 2017

Family Lamellariidae (Velutinidae): http://seaslugforum.net/lamellar.htm, Coriocella, Lamellaria, Marsenina, Marseniopsis, and Mystinconchya.

Coriocella hibyae, Maldives

Coriocella nigra, Black Velutinid. To 4"/10cm. Internal shell; reticulate pattern. Indo-W. Pacific. Bali 2014

Order Neogastropoda: The Advanced Gastropods. Possess a single monopectinate gill, and a solitary auricle and nephridium. Triturating mechanism is a radula with three teeth to a transverse row (termed a rachiglossate condition) and osphradia with bipectinate folds. Entirely marine. 

Epitonium billeeanum (DuShane & Bratcher 1965). Distinctive yellow body and shell color... matching their prey, the ahermatypic Dendrophylliid genus Tubastrea. Tropical Indo-Pacific. N. Sulawesi pix.

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Superfamily Conacea (Toxoglossa). Predators with toxoglossal radulas, poison glands, or no radula at all. Cone Shells: Conus, Turris. Terebridae: Terebris (highly spired).

Family Conidae: (Superfamily Conacea, Toxoglossa). Predaceous species with a toxoglossal radula or none, associated with poison glands. The Cone Shells (Conus, Turris) and highly spired Terebridae (Terebra). Don't touch!

Conus abraeus Linnaeus 1758, the Hebrew Cone. Indo-Pacific. To 2 1/2" in length. Found exposed by day in sandy areas feeding on polychaete worms. Distinctive "Hebrew lettering" on heavy white shells. When alive the shell is covered with a yellowy periostracum. Found through out tropical and temperate Indian and Pacific oceans and Red Sea. Kona photo.

Conus marmoreus Linnaeus 1758, the Marbled Cone. Indo-Pacific. To 5" in length. Found at times exposed by day in sandy areas feeding on other cones. This is one of a few toxic/venomous cone species in Hawai'i. Cannot be handled anywhere safely. This is the subspecies C. m. bandanus according to friend/shell nut Paul Kanner. Kona, HI .

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Conus textile Linnaeus 1758, the Textile Cone. Indo-Pacific; Red Sea, much of the rest of the tropical Indo-Pac, including Hawai'i. Feeds on other prosobranch snails. Can be fatal to humans. Red Sea image.

To:  Part 1, Part 2, Part 3, Part 4, Part 6, Part 7 :

New Print and eBook on Amazon Marine Aquarium Algae Control by Robert (Bob) Fenner