|
| |
|
FAQs about Caryophyllid Coral Disease,
Pests, Predation 6
Related Articles: Caryophyllid Corals, Elegance
Coral,
Related FAQs: Caryophyllid Disease 1,
Caryophyllid Disease 2,
Caryophyllid Disease 3,
Caryophylliids 4,
Caryophyllid Disease 5, Caryophyllid Disease 7,
Elegance Coral Disease/Pests,
&
Caryophylliids 1, Caryophylliids 2, Caryophylliids
3, Caryophylliids 4,
Caryophyllid ID,
Caryophyllid Compatibility, Caryophyllid Systems,
Caryophyllid Selection,
Caryophyllid Behavior, Caryophyllid Feeding,
Caryophyllid Propagation/Reproduction, Stony/True Coral,
Coral System Set-Up, Coral
System Lighting, Stony Coral
Identification, Stony Coral Selection, Coral
Placement, Foods/Feeding/Nutrition,
Disease/Health, Propagation,
Growing Reef Corals, Stony
Coral Behavior, |
.JPG) |
Vermetid
Snail Mucus Causing Frogspawn Polyp Ejection? - 11/14/07
Hello Wet Web Media,
Since launching my 24g nano earlier this year, I have been an avid
reader of your site. Thank you for contributing so much information to
the reef-keeping world.
<our pleasure, thank you>
Your site has helped me to diagnose a problem, but now I need input on
how, or whether, to "solve" it.
The pride of my tank is a bright florescent frogspawn that I added about
five months ago. Since that time, two remarkable things have happened:
first, the frogspawn has rapidly divided: from four heads to ten or
twelve, and dividing still.
<wow>
Loving my frogspawn as I do, I was initially enthused by its
reproduction. I've placed this coral in a nice space where it can expand
and be a real showpiece in the tank.
But I recently read a post by Anthony Calfo on this site that described
polyp ejection (featuring the clear bubble that has developed on a few
of my
frogspawn heads as they've split) as a "stress induced strategy of
asexual reproduction."
<Interesting, but I'm not yet convinced that this is what is happening
here with your coral. There is certainly plenty of reason and academic
research to support the notion that polyp bail out is a response to
stress (and method of asexual reproduction). Polyp bail out is when the
soft tissue of a polyp detaches and drops out of the coral skeleton. If
conditions are right, these dropped polyps will form new skeleton, and
ultimately new colonies. (see "Polyp Bail-Out: An Escape Response to
Environmental Stress and a New Means of Reproduction in Corals" by Paul
W. Sammarco, published in Marine Ecology, Vol. 10: 57-65, 1982). Thus,
if your corals polyps were bailing out, I'd expect them to be dropped
from the mother colony and forming new colonies (not forming new
branches on the same colony).>
This got me thinking about the second remarkable thing that has happened
since I acquired the frogspawn: in the last several weeks, a great
deal of mucus or webbing has accumulated around the stalk or stem of
this coral.
Today, with the help of your site, I at last found the likely cause of
this mucus: the frogspawn came with what I originally believed to be two
tube worms attached, but what I now believe to be Vermetid snails. A
small colony of Vermetids has since grown up on the frogspawn and the
surrounding live rock.
(Perhaps they thrive on the phyto I feed my feather duster.) Recently
the web of Vermetid mucus has grown pretty thick on the frogspawn and
has even trapped a bit of detritus.
<Indeed, this is what the webs are for. If you watch them, you can
actually see them "reeling in" these webs to collect their catch.>
So now I am wondering: could this mucus web be irritating the frogspawn,
resulting in stress-induced asexual reproduction?
<It's *possible* but I'm not sure how likely...>
If so, is that a bad for the long-term health of the coral?
<It's hard to say since I'm still not sure your coral is truly stressed.
Could you send in some pictures maybe?>
If so, what if anything should I do to prevent it? Would you recommend
or advise against an effort to baste or vacuum some of this mucus off
the coral?
<Likely a futile effort...the snails will just make more.>
Dare I attempt to remove the snails? Some sort of dip?
<Eek, don't dip it. If you MUST kill the snails, use a needle/syringe to
inject vinegar/Kalk/etc. into the tubes.>
Thank you very much for your time and expertise.
Ben Irvin
<De nada,
Sara M.>
Attn Sara M: Vermetid Snail Mucus
Causing Frogspawn Polyp Ejection? -11/14/07
Hello Sara,
Thank you again for your time and insight.
So, if polyp ejection or bail out results in a complete detachment of
the polyp, that is definitely not what is happening to my frogspawn.
However,
some, but not all, of the heads that have divided on my frogspawn have
developed a clear bubble similar to the one pictured on this page:
http://www.wetwebmedia.com/caryfCorlsaqs.htm
And the frogspawn does seem to be splitting very fast.
<Yeah, this is odd...>
Here are two pictures: the first, #546, shows the frogspawn from below.
You can the see largest, green worm-like structure, as well as a web of
greenish-whitish mucus-like material accumulating on the coral and the
rock.
<That actually doesn't look like Vermetid snail mucus web. If anything
it kind of looks like sponge.>
The second, #550, shows the frogspawn from above and behind. You can see
more worm-like structures, as well as a web of mucus-like material that
is catching detritus. This is the first I've noticed, but there seems to
be some algae now growing on the mucus-like material as well.
<That wouldn't happen with Vermetid snail mucus.>
One last thing that perhaps I should have mentioned earlier: this
frogspawn is hosted by two true Percs.
<Hmmmm... interesting. Normally I would tell you that clown hosting is
very stressful to corals. But this is such an odd thing with your coral
growing so fast.>
I'll confess, I thought I had it all figured out, so I await your
judgment: is this bad for the coral? need it be addressed? if so, how?
<I'll be honestly with you, I'm a little baffled myself. Hosting clowns
usually stress out corals quite a bit. But if your coral is growing this
fast, and if it keeps growing this fast, I'd question how stressed it
must be. Typically, stressed corals don't grow so fast (if much at all).
Let me ask you, do the clowns feed the coral?>
Thanks once again.
Ben Irvin
<Thanks for writing,
Sara M.>
Re: Attn Sara M: Vermetid Snail
Mucus Causing Frogspawn Polyp Ejection?-11/14/07
Hi Sara,
It's really nice of you to take the time, and I'm happy to respond,
even at risk of showing my ignorance, so long as I am not taking up too
much of your
attention.
<Not at all... I quite enjoy hearing from other people about their
experiences with their corals.>
I, too, wondered about the possibility of a sponge, but was at a loss to
explain the worm-like structures in the gauzy, mucusy material.
<I know it doesn't look like your typical sponge, but I'm 98% sure it's
some kind of sponge. Sponges can be mucus-y, web-like, gauzy... all the
things you're describing are not inconsistent with some kinds of
sponges.>
To give you a better sense of what this looks like, if I saw it growing
in my fridge, or in a garbage can, I'd think that it was mold. It is
whitish-greenish in color, it clings to (possibly grows on) the adjacent
rocks. It has developed worm- or tube-like structures in it. It seems to
cling to, or grow on, the lower, green portion of the stalk rather than
on the white portions of the heads.
Now, ugh, here's my ignorance: in response to your question, do the
clowns feed the coral, my answer is, I don't know what that means. I
feed my clowns Mysis and Cyclopeeze every third day, a reduced feeding
schedule that is aimed at reducing nutrients in the tank. (I also add a
few mg of phyto twice per week.)
I occasionally squirt some of the Cyclopeeze in the general direction
the frogspawn, but in general I don't target feed it. The clowns stay
close to the frogspawn and swim in and around its heads at night.
<Just like how clowns bring food to anemones in which they might be
hosting, they will often also bring food to any coral in which they are
hosting. This is what I mean by "feeding.">
Again, I acquired this coral in May. It had four heads when I obtained
it, and I suspect I'll have sixteen soon enough, each heading having
split and many now splitting again.
<Dear lord that's a lot of splitting. Do you have any pictures of the
whole coral colony? I'm just curious to see this thing now.>
This coral had been fragged off of a specimen the size of a basketball
in my LFS's show tank. So perhaps it is just a quick grower.
<Oh cool... I was just going to say that it would be interesting to see
if the coral grew just as fast without the clowns (and/or in a different
tank). So, if a frag of it in a different tank is growing just as fast,
that might tell us something. But I'm afraid I still don't have a real
answer for you as to why it's growing so fast. I suppose it could have
some sort of genetic "defect" that is causing this. But I honestly don't
know. Please do record all this though (take pictures and make notes of
observations).>
But I want to be sure that whatever is growing/clinging to its trunk is
not an irritant.
<If you're worried, and if you can easily remove it, go ahead. Better
safe than sorry I suppose.>
Your insight is greatly appreciated.
Ben
<De nada,
Sara M.>
Re: Attn Sara M: Vermetid Snail
Mucus Causing Frogspawn Polyp Ejection? -11/14/07
Hi Sara,
Unless you recommend otherwise, I will put some light water pressure
(turkey baster) on what we think is the sponge. If it blows off, great,
but if it doesn't budge, I probably won't risk any kind of intervention.
<Sounds like a good plan. You could also use a pair of tweezers to try
and gently pull it off if the baster doesn't work.>
Later this evening, I will send you two pics of the coral, one opened
and one closed.
<Cool, thanks!>
Have I told you that I appreciate your expertise?
<Hehe, yes, and thank you again for sharing with us.>
Ben
<Best,
Sara M.>
Re: Attn Sara M: Vermetid Snail
Mucus Causing Frogspawn Polyp Ejection? -11/14/07
Thanks for the advice, Sara.
During a regularly scheduled water change this evening, I attempted
first to suction and later to blow this unidentified material off the
frogspawn. I was able to remove a little of the detritus and what looked
like a bit of brownish hair algae, but the mystery material stayed put.
So, since you haven't identified it as fatal coral-killing death stuff,
I'm going to let it be.
<Yeah, I'd just let it go for now. Most sponges don't pose any real
threat to stony corals.>
I've attached two pix: the first, #556, shows the whole coral as it's
beginning to retract for the evening. For scale, the whole thing cuts an
arc a little bit bigger than a soft ball.
<Thanks for the pics, looks like a healthy coral. :-)>
The second pic, #566, shows the coral closed up a bit. I had hoped to
show you a picture of the coral closed all the way, so that you could
distinguish the separating heads, but the frogspawn doesn't seem
inclined to close up tight tonight. But, just for example, the two heads
at the far right of the picture have each developed two mouths and the
splits seem imminent. Likewise, on the far left, what appears to be one
big head is actually four. It's really been amazing to watch.
<Indeed, very interesting.>
But so long as it is not an unhealthy response, I'm happy!
<Corals are still so mysterious to us humans. All I can really say is
that the coral looks plenty healthy. I'm not going to promise you that
there's no chance this accelerated splitting isn't a result of some kind
of stress. But I don't have any reason to say it is either. And even if
it were, it's obviously not killing the coral. So I say just keep doing
what you're doing and keep an eye on it.>
(Also, in the background of 566, you can see a bit of pink sponge in the
vicinity, so maybe this is a sponge-worthy rock.)
<LOL... "sponge-worthy"--too funny.>
And speaking of rock, you rock. Thanks for all your help. If you ever
need a totally noobtastic second opinion, be in touch.
<Fabulous, my pleasure.>
Best wishes,
Ben Irvin
<Best,
Sara M.> |
|
.JPG) |
Torch coral, no sweeper tentacles -
10/07/2007
Hey guys, I was hoping for some help.
<Hi Brian>
I got a torch coral about 1 month ago. It seems to be doing well during the day.
It is nice and big, but at night I haven't seen any sweeper tentacles. I have
tried putting enriched mysis shrimp on his non-sweeper tentacles and eventually
it seems to slowly let go of it. I have it under 175 metal halide and 2*65watt
actinic. Could it be getting enough energy from light? Is it just unhealthy and
that is why the sweeper tentacles don't come out? What should I do? Thank you
guys/girls are the best and my main source of information.
<LPS corals use the sweeper tentacles for defense against other encroaching
corals. They can sense a coral near buy and will move their sweepers to that
area in an effort to sting the coral and defend it's space. I have seen
Euphyllia sp. go after mushroom corals very aggressively. If your LPS does not
capture the mysis but is opened with good color then it is still healthy. The
polyps will show you when they are stressed by receding to the skeleton. If the
polyps come out with the lights everyday then I would not worry. Try to feed
about an hour after lights out. My Hammer and Torch corals don't accept mysis
either but are growing very well while my other LPS feed heavily on mysis!
Water parameters are most paramount. Make sure Calcium levels are maintained
above 400ppm and Alkalinity is near 3.0meq/l or above 8 DKH. Keep nitrates and
phosphates low with resins, activated carbon, and regular water
changes.-Rich...aka-Mr.Firemouth>
Frogspawn coral bubble - 10/07/2007
I recently bought a 3 headed frogspawn coral from my LFS. For the first few
days it opened up completely - more so than in the LFS - and I was shocked at
its size.
<... had you studied re Euphylliids...>
The question at hand is, today it has not opened nearly as much and there
appears to be large bubble sacks in the center of two of the three heads. Are
these normal?
<Likely so>
Doing a search using bubble and Euphyllia just brings up mixed results of bubble
corals and frogspawn corals, but I couldn't find anything on this particular
feature. I seem to have misplaced my camera, but if I can find it today I will
send a photo as well. I just
want to know if this is normal, or something I should be concerned about.
<Mmmm>
While writing this email, the two heads have retracted to almost night time
sizes, while the bubble sacks remain the same size.
Thanks as always for your insight, Josh
<I would keep an eye on this colony, and keep reading.
http://wetwebmedia.com/caryophyllids.htm
and the linked files above. BobF>
Dying bubble coral... Poor system and
species mix 9/26/07
Good Morning Crew. I wanted to thank you for all the valuable info you
provide, without it I would be lost! Here is my question though. We have a 40
gal. tank with 1 3" maroon clown who hosts in our Condy,
<A poor match... will likely kill this Caribbean animal with growth, time...>
a lawnmower blenny, a Mandarin goby, a Magenta Gramma, a Pajama cardinal,, 4
astrea snails, 4 hermit crabs, Various polyps, and a Bubble coral.
<Quite a blend... these last two are not compatible in such small volumes>
There is about 35 lbs. of live rock, and 2" to 3" in. of live sand. We have had
the Bubble coral for about 5 months, and up until a month ago it was doing
great, looked extremely full, and all calcified parts were completely covered.
It is now slowly retracting from it's rock and is down to about half the
original size.
<Not surprising...>
where it looked like it had three separate mouths, it now only has two, and one
is totally shriveled up. It also has some reddish brown spots on some of it's
bubbles, but it still has a healthy appetite. Please help, I don't know what is
wrong!
<Cnidarian allelopathy>
Temp between 79and 81
Specific gravity 1.024
PH 7.8
Alkalinity ideal
Nitrites 0
Nitrates a little high ( 40 ppm on quick dip test strip?)
<Need to be at most half this>
but the nitrates have been at this level the entire time the tank has been here
( 1 year, running 4 years total)
Thanks for your time, any input would be helpful!
<Read on... start here: http://www.wetwebmedia.com/cnidcomp5.htm
and the files above... the search tool, indices... You need to re-think your
stocking "plan"... Read about the needs/systems and compatibility of what you
have, intend to keep... What you have now is untenable. Bob Fenner>
Torch
Coral... hlth. 9/12/07
Hi Bob,
<Hi Cameron, Mich filling in tonight.>
I have a torch coral that I have recently noticed missing two polyps
next to each other.
<Aye! Doesn't look happy!>
The last time I noticed tissue there was around 3 - 4 days ago. Is it
possible that it could disintegrate that quickly without my noticing?
<I highly doubt that it disintegrated without you noticing... it's
usually a pretty nasty process. Trust me, been there done that.
Sometimes when the coral is really unhappy it will bail its polyps. I
suspect that's what may have happened here. It is possible for the polyp
to survive detached from the skeletal base, but it is uncommon. But if
you look in the nooks and crannies of your tank you may find these two
missing heads floating around somewhere in the LR. More here:
http://www.wetwebmedia.com/carydisfaqs.htm
http://www.wetwebmedia.com/corldisfaqs.htm >
Or perhaps some other explanation? The rest of the coral appears healthy
and normal.
<Mmm, I don't know that I would say that. Looks rather deflated and
unhappy to me. This coral should be fuller and fatter. I suspect
allelopathy is at work here. You may need to relocate this coral or one
of its neighbors. More here:
http://www.wetwebmedia.com/carycompfaqs.htm
A water change and adding carbon likely wouldn't hurt either. I would
also check your calcium levels. I suspect they may be low.>
I hope you receive my photo ok.
<Yes.>
Also I have a question regarding Tubastrea (sun coral) feeding; I have
been using Tropic Marin's Pro-Coral Zooton. A substitute for zooplankton
feeders, is this enough to sustain the coral or continue with feeding
with Mysis shrimp?
<I am not familiar with Zooton, which makes me question it's nutritional
value, I suspect you would have more success with Mysis or other finely
minced fresh seafoods or if you're looking for something prepared then
perhaps Cyclop-eeze. If you really want to go crazy with feeding see the
method employed here:
read about Re: Feeding of Tubastrea.. Follow up to Baby Tubastrea
Timeline 8/7/07 on this page:
http://www.wetwebmedia.com/dendroreprofaqs.htm >
Cameron Teague
Tasmania, Australia
<Michelle Lemech
Pennsylvania, USA> |
|
 |
Re: Torch
Coral-Health 9/13/07
Hi Mich,
<Hello again Cameron!>
Just to let you know my corals are fine. I took the photo last night, I
turned the light on for 5 minutes for a shot. I guess they were
'asleep'.
<Ahh, they do look better in today’s photos.>
I can't find the polyps anywhere, is it possible to have been eaten by
anything??
<Always a possibility.>
The only thing I can think of is my snowflake eel.
<I guess anything is possible.>
Also is there anyway to entice a sleeper goby to sift the gravel?
<Hmmm, not that I'm aware of... likely similar to the old adage about
leading a horse to water....>
Cameron
<Mich> |
|
 |
| |
|