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FAQs about Caryophyllid Coral Disease, Pests,
Predation 6
Related Articles:
Coral Pests and Disease; pests, predators, diseases and conditions
by Sara Mavinkurve, Caryophyllid
Corals, Elegance Coral,
Related FAQs: Caryophyllid Disease 1,
Caryophyllid Disease 2, Caryophyllid
Disease 3, Caryophylliids 4,
Caryophyllid Disease 5, Caryophyllid
Disease 7, Elegance Coral
Disease/Pests, & Caryophylliids 1, Caryophylliids
2, Caryophylliids 3,
Caryophylliids 4,
Caryophyllid ID, Caryophyllid
Compatibility, Caryophyllid Systems,
Caryophyllid Selection, Caryophyllid
Behavior, Caryophyllid Feeding,
Caryophyllid Propagation/Reproduction,
Stony/True Coral, Coral System Set-Up,
Coral System Lighting, Stony Coral
Identification, Stony Coral Selection,
Coral Placement,
Foods/Feeding/Nutrition,
Disease/Health, Propagation,
Growing Reef Corals, Stony
Coral Behavior, | .JPG)
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Vermetid Snail Mucus Causing Frogspawn Polyp Ejection? - 11/14/07
Hello Wet Web Media, Since launching my 24g nano earlier this
year, I have been an avid reader of your site. Thank you for
contributing so much information to the reef-keeping world. <our
pleasure, thank you> Your site has helped me to diagnose a
problem, but now I need input on how, or whether, to "solve" it.
The pride of my tank is a bright florescent frogspawn that I added
about five months ago. Since that time, two remarkable things have
happened: first, the frogspawn has rapidly divided: from four heads
to ten or twelve, and dividing still. <wow> Loving my
frogspawn as I do, I was initially enthused by its reproduction.
I've placed this coral in a nice space where it can expand and be a
real showpiece in the tank. But I recently read a post by Anthony
Calfo on this site that described polyp ejection (featuring the
clear bubble that has developed on a few of my frogspawn heads as
they've split) as a "stress induced strategy of asexual
reproduction." <Interesting, but I'm not yet convinced that this
is what is happening here with your coral. There is certainly plenty
of reason and academic research to support the notion that polyp
bail out is a response to stress (and method of asexual
reproduction). Polyp bail out is when the soft tissue of a polyp
detaches and drops out of the coral skeleton. If conditions are
right, these dropped polyps will form new skeleton, and ultimately
new colonies. (see "Polyp Bail-Out: An Escape Response to
Environmental Stress and a New Means of Reproduction in Corals" by
Paul W. Sammarco, published in Marine Ecology, Vol. 10: 57-65,
1982). Thus, if your corals polyps were bailing out, I'd expect them
to be dropped from the mother colony and forming new colonies (not
forming new branches on the same colony).> This got me thinking
about the second remarkable thing that has happened since I acquired
the frogspawn: in the last several weeks, a great deal of mucus
or webbing has accumulated around the stalk or stem of this coral.
Today, with the help of your site, I at last found the likely cause
of this mucus: the frogspawn came with what I originally believed to
be two tube worms attached, but what I now believe to be Vermetid
snails. A small colony of Vermetids has since grown up on the
frogspawn and the surrounding live rock. (Perhaps they thrive on
the phyto I feed my feather duster.) Recently the web of Vermetid
mucus has grown pretty thick on the frogspawn and has even trapped a
bit of detritus. <Indeed, this is what the webs are for. If you
watch them, you can actually see them "reeling in" these webs to
collect their catch.> So now I am wondering: could this mucus web
be irritating the frogspawn, resulting in stress-induced asexual
reproduction? <It's *possible* but I'm not sure how likely...>
If so, is that a bad for the long-term health of the coral?
<It's hard to say since I'm still not sure your coral is truly
stressed. Could you send in some pictures maybe?> If so, what if
anything should I do to prevent it? Would you recommend or advise
against an effort to baste or vacuum some of this mucus off the
coral? <Likely a futile effort...the snails will just make
more.> Dare I attempt to remove the snails? Some sort of dip?
<Eek, don't dip it. If you MUST kill the snails, use a
needle/syringe to inject vinegar/Kalk/etc. into the tubes.> Thank
you very much for your time and expertise. Ben Irvin <De
nada, Sara M.> Attn
Sara M: Vermetid Snail Mucus Causing Frogspawn Polyp Ejection?
-11/14/07 Hello Sara, Thank you again for your time and
insight. So, if polyp ejection or bail out results in a complete
detachment of the polyp, that is definitely not what is happening to
my frogspawn. However, some, but not all, of the heads that have
divided on my frogspawn have developed a clear bubble similar to the
one pictured on this page:
http://www.wetwebmedia.com/caryfCorlsaqs.htm And the frogspawn
does seem to be splitting very fast. <Yeah, this is odd...>
Here are two pictures: the first, #546, shows the frogspawn from
below. You can the see largest, green worm-like structure, as
well as a web of greenish-whitish mucus-like material accumulating
on the coral and the rock. <That actually doesn't look like
Vermetid snail mucus web. If anything it kind of looks like sponge.>
The second, #550, shows the frogspawn from above and behind. You can
see more worm-like structures, as well as a web of mucus-like
material that is catching detritus. This is the first I've noticed,
but there seems to be some algae now growing on the mucus-like
material as well. <That wouldn't happen with Vermetid snail
mucus.> One last thing that perhaps I should have mentioned
earlier: this frogspawn is hosted by two true Percs. <Hmmmm...
interesting. Normally I would tell you that clown hosting is very
stressful to corals. But this is such an odd thing with your coral
growing so fast.> I'll confess, I thought I had it all figured
out, so I await your judgment: is this bad for the coral? need it be
addressed? if so, how? <I'll be honestly with you, I'm a little
baffled myself. Hosting clowns usually stress out corals quite a
bit. But if your coral is growing this fast, and if it keeps growing
this fast, I'd question how stressed it must be. Typically, stressed
corals don't grow so fast (if much at all). Let me ask you, do the
clowns feed the coral?> Thanks once again. Ben Irvin
<Thanks for writing, Sara M.>
Re: Attn Sara M: Vermetid Snail Mucus Causing Frogspawn Polyp
Ejection?-11/14/07 Hi Sara, It's really nice of you to
take the time, and I'm happy to respond, even at risk of showing
my ignorance, so long as I am not taking up too much of your
attention. <Not at all... I quite enjoy hearing from other people
about their experiences with their corals.> I, too, wondered
about the possibility of a sponge, but was at a loss to explain the
worm-like structures in the gauzy, mucusy material. <I know it
doesn't look like your typical sponge, but I'm 98% sure it's some
kind of sponge. Sponges can be mucus-y, web-like, gauzy... all the
things you're describing are not inconsistent with some kinds of
sponges.> To give you a better sense of what this looks like, if
I saw it growing in my fridge, or in a garbage can, I'd think that
it was mold. It is whitish-greenish in color, it clings to (possibly
grows on) the adjacent rocks. It has developed worm- or tube-like
structures in it. It seems to cling to, or grow on, the lower, green
portion of the stalk rather than on the white portions of the heads.
Now, ugh, here's my ignorance: in response to your question, do the
clowns feed the coral, my answer is, I don't know what that means. I
feed my clowns Mysis and Cyclopeeze every third day, a reduced
feeding schedule that is aimed at reducing nutrients in the tank. (I
also add a few mg of phyto twice per week.) I occasionally squirt
some of the Cyclopeeze in the general direction the frogspawn, but
in general I don't target feed it. The clowns stay close to the
frogspawn and swim in and around its heads at night. <Just like
how clowns bring food to anemones in which they might be hosting,
they will often also bring food to any coral in which they are
hosting. This is what I mean by "feeding."> Again, I acquired
this coral in May. It had four heads when I obtained it, and I
suspect I'll have sixteen soon enough, each heading having split and
many now splitting again. <Dear lord that's a lot of splitting.
Do you have any pictures of the whole coral colony? I'm just curious
to see this thing now.> This coral had been fragged off of a
specimen the size of a basketball in my LFS's show tank. So perhaps
it is just a quick grower. <Oh cool... I was just going to say
that it would be interesting to see if the coral grew just as fast
without the clowns (and/or in a different tank). So, if a frag of it
in a different tank is growing just as fast, that might tell us
something. But I'm afraid I still don't have a real answer for you
as to why it's growing so fast. I suppose it could have some sort of
genetic "defect" that is causing this. But I honestly don't know.
Please do record all this though (take pictures and make notes of
observations).> But I want to be sure that whatever is
growing/clinging to its trunk is not an irritant. <If you're
worried, and if you can easily remove it, go ahead. Better safe than
sorry I suppose.> Your insight is greatly appreciated. Ben
<De nada, Sara M.>
Re: Attn Sara M: Vermetid Snail Mucus Causing Frogspawn Polyp
Ejection? -11/14/07 Hi Sara, Unless you recommend
otherwise, I will put some light water pressure (turkey baster) on
what we think is the sponge. If it blows off, great, but if it
doesn't budge, I probably won't risk any kind of intervention.
<Sounds like a good plan. You could also use a pair of tweezers to
try and gently pull it off if the baster doesn't work.> Later
this evening, I will send you two pics of the coral, one opened and
one closed. <Cool, thanks!> Have I told you that I appreciate
your expertise? <Hehe, yes, and thank you again for sharing with
us.> Ben <Best, Sara M.>
Re: Attn Sara M: Vermetid Snail Mucus Causing Frogspawn Polyp
Ejection? -11/14/07 Thanks for the advice, Sara. During a
regularly scheduled water change this evening, I attempted first to
suction and later to blow this unidentified material off the
frogspawn. I was able to remove a little of the detritus and what
looked like a bit of brownish hair algae, but the mystery material
stayed put. So, since you haven't identified it as fatal
coral-killing death stuff, I'm going to let it be. <Yeah, I'd
just let it go for now. Most sponges don't pose any real threat to
stony corals.> I've attached two pix: the first, #556, shows the
whole coral as it's beginning to retract for the evening. For
scale, the whole thing cuts an arc a little bit bigger than a
soft ball. <Thanks for the pics, looks like a healthy coral. :-)>
The second pic, #566, shows the coral closed up a bit. I had hoped
to show you a picture of the coral closed all the way, so that
you could distinguish the separating heads, but the frogspawn
doesn't seem inclined to close up tight tonight. But, just for
example, the two heads at the far right of the picture have each
developed two mouths and the splits seem imminent. Likewise, on the
far left, what appears to be one big head is actually four. It's
really been amazing to watch. <Indeed, very interesting.> But
so long as it is not an unhealthy response, I'm happy! <Corals
are still so mysterious to us humans. All I can really say is that
the coral looks plenty healthy. I'm not going to promise you that
there's no chance this accelerated splitting isn't a result of some
kind of stress. But I don't have any reason to say it is either. And
even if it were, it's obviously not killing the coral. So I say just
keep doing what you're doing and keep an eye on it.> (Also, in
the background of 566, you can see a bit of pink sponge in the
vicinity, so maybe this is a sponge-worthy rock.) <LOL...
"sponge-worthy"--too funny.> And speaking of rock, you rock.
Thanks for all your help. If you ever need a totally noobtastic
second opinion, be in touch. <Fabulous, my pleasure.> Best
wishes, Ben Irvin <Best, Sara M.> | .JPG)
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Torch coral, no sweeper tentacles - 10/07/2007 Hey guys, I was
hoping for some help. <Hi Brian> I got a torch coral about 1
month ago. It seems to be doing well during the day. It is nice and big,
but at night I haven't seen any sweeper tentacles. I have tried putting
enriched mysis shrimp on his non-sweeper tentacles and eventually it
seems to slowly let go of it. I have it under 175 metal halide and
2*65watt actinic. Could it be getting enough energy from light? Is it
just unhealthy and that is why the sweeper tentacles don't come out?
What should I do? Thank you guys/girls are the best and my main source
of information. <LPS corals use the sweeper tentacles for defense
against other encroaching corals. They can sense a coral near buy and
will move their sweepers to that area in an effort to sting the coral
and defend it's space. I have seen Euphyllia sp. go after mushroom
corals very aggressively. If your LPS does not capture the mysis but is
opened with good color then it is still healthy. The polyps will show
you when they are stressed by receding to the skeleton. If the polyps
come out with the lights everyday then I would not worry. Try to feed
about an hour after lights out. My Hammer and Torch corals don't accept
mysis either but are growing very well while my other LPS feed heavily
on mysis! Water parameters are most paramount. Make sure Calcium
levels are maintained above 400ppm and Alkalinity is near 3.0meq/l or
above 8 DKH. Keep nitrates and phosphates low with resins, activated
carbon, and regular water changes.-Rich...aka-Mr.Firemouth>
Frogspawn coral bubble - 10/07/2007 I recently bought a 3 headed
frogspawn coral from my LFS. For the first few days it opened up
completely - more so than in the LFS - and I was shocked at its size.
<... had you studied re Euphylliids...> The question at hand is,
today it has not opened nearly as much and there appears to be large
bubble sacks in the center of two of the three heads. Are these normal?
<Likely so> Doing a search using bubble and Euphyllia just brings up
mixed results of bubble corals and frogspawn corals, but I couldn't find
anything on this particular feature. I seem to have misplaced my camera,
but if I can find it today I will send a photo as well. I just want
to know if this is normal, or something I should be concerned about.
<Mmmm> While writing this email, the two heads have retracted to
almost night time sizes, while the bubble sacks remain the same size.
Thanks as always for your insight, Josh <I would keep an eye on this
colony, and keep reading. http://wetwebmedia.com/caryophyllids.htm
and the linked files above. BobF>
Dying bubble coral... Poor system and species mix 9/26/07
Good Morning Crew. I wanted to thank you for all the valuable info you
provide, without it I would be lost! Here is my question though. We have
a 40 gal. tank with 1 3" maroon clown who hosts in our Condy, <A poor
match... will likely kill this Caribbean animal with growth, time...>
a lawnmower blenny, a Mandarin goby, a Magenta Gramma, a Pajama
cardinal,, 4 astrea snails, 4 hermit crabs, Various polyps, and a Bubble
coral. <Quite a blend... these last two are not compatible in such
small volumes> There is about 35 lbs. of live rock, and 2" to 3" in.
of live sand. We have had the Bubble coral for about 5 months, and up
until a month ago it was doing great, looked extremely full, and all
calcified parts were completely covered. It is now slowly retracting
from it's rock and is down to about half the original size. <Not
surprising...> where it looked like it had three separate mouths, it
now only has two, and one is totally shriveled up. It also has some
reddish brown spots on some of it's bubbles, but it still has a healthy
appetite. Please help, I don't know what is wrong! <Cnidarian
allelopathy> Temp between 79and 81 Specific gravity 1.024 PH
7.8 Alkalinity ideal Nitrites 0 Nitrates a little high ( 40 ppm
on quick dip test strip?) <Need to be at most half this> but the
nitrates have been at this level the entire time the tank has been here
( 1 year, running 4 years total) Thanks for your time, any input
would be helpful! <Read on... start here:
http://www.wetwebmedia.com/cnidcomp5.htm and the files above... the
search tool, indices... You need to re-think your stocking "plan"...
Read about the needs/systems and compatibility of what you have, intend
to keep... What you have now is untenable. Bob Fenner>
Torch Coral... hlth. 9/12/07 Hi Bob, <Hi Cameron, Mich
filling in tonight.> I have a torch coral that I have recently
noticed missing two polyps next to each other. <Aye! Doesn't look
happy!> The last time I noticed tissue there was around 3 - 4
days ago. Is it possible that it could disintegrate that quickly
without my noticing? <I highly doubt that it disintegrated
without you noticing... it's usually a pretty nasty process. Trust
me, been there done that. Sometimes when the coral is really unhappy
it will bail its polyps. I suspect that's what may have happened
here. It is possible for the polyp to survive detached from the
skeletal base, but it is uncommon. But if you look in the nooks and
crannies of your tank you may find these two missing heads floating
around somewhere in the LR. More here:
http://www.wetwebmedia.com/carydisfaqs.htm
http://www.wetwebmedia.com/corldisfaqs.htm > Or perhaps some
other explanation? The rest of the coral appears healthy and normal.
<Mmm, I don't know that I would say that. Looks rather deflated and
unhappy to me. This coral should be fuller and fatter. I suspect
allelopathy is at work here. You may need to relocate this coral or
one of its neighbors. More here:
http://www.wetwebmedia.com/carycompfaqs.htm A water change and
adding carbon likely wouldn't hurt either. I would also check your
calcium levels. I suspect they may be low.> I hope you receive my
photo ok. <Yes.> Also I have a question regarding Tubastrea
(sun coral) feeding; I have been using Tropic Marin's Pro-Coral
Zooton. A substitute for zooplankton feeders, is this enough to
sustain the coral or continue with feeding with Mysis shrimp? <I
am not familiar with Zooton, which makes me question it's
nutritional value, I suspect you would have more success with Mysis
or other finely minced fresh seafoods or if you're looking for
something prepared then perhaps Cyclop-eeze. If you really want to
go crazy with feeding see the method employed here: read about
Re: Feeding of Tubastrea.. Follow up to Baby Tubastrea Timeline
8/7/07 on this page:
http://www.wetwebmedia.com/dendroreprofaqs.htm > Cameron Teague
Tasmania, Australia <Michelle Lemech Pennsylvania, USA> | 
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Re: Torch Coral-Health 9/13/07 Hi Mich, <Hello again Cameron!>
Just to let you know my corals are fine. I took the photo last night, I
turned the light on for 5 minutes for a shot. I guess they were
'asleep'. <Ahh, they do look better in today’s photos.> I can't
find the polyps anywhere, is it possible to have been eaten by
anything?? <Always a possibility.> The only thing I can think of
is my snowflake eel. <I guess anything is possible.> Also is
there anyway to entice a sleeper goby to sift the gravel? <Hmmm, not
that I'm aware of... likely similar to the old adage about leading a
horse to water....> Cameron <Mich> | 
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